authorities are also essential to ensure the effectiveness of these technologies in
complying to the wastewater discharge standards.
In a nutshell, the development of the sustainable treatment technologies is pivotal
towards the preservation of the quality of the environment. Most of the conventional
methods are costly and involves the use of chemicals that require long degradation
time. Hence, this chapter discusses comprehensively on the effective advanced
technologies to treat the oily wastewater. Furthermore, the presence of the extremely
toxic contaminants in the oily wastewater such as radionuclides, persistent organic
pollutants, hydrocarbon and some endocrine disruptor components should also be
given more attention. The release of these substances to the environment would pose
serious threats to the survival of the living organisms and environmental sustainability. However, the use of single technology is not efficient enough to satisfy all the
discharge requirements for different contaminants. Hence, the approach of integrating different technologies is perceived to be more effective and could provide the
best solution to these never-ending problems.
Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank the Ministry of Education Malaysia for
the financial support under the Higher Institution Center of Excellence Scheme (Project number:
R.J090301.7809.4J430). In addition, deepest appreciation would also be extended to Universiti
Teknologi Malaysia for the research fund under the Transdiciplinary Research (TDR) Grant
(Project number: Q.J130000.3509.05G75).
References
Abdullah MA, Rahmah AU, Man Z (2010) Physicochemical and sorption characteristics of
Malaysian Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. As a natural oil sorbent. J Hazard Mater
177:683–691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.12.085
Agarwal A, Ng WJ, Liu Y (2011) Principle and applications of microbubble and nanobubble
technology for water treatment. Chemosphere 84:1175–1180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
chemosphere.2011.05.054
Ahmad AL, Bhatia S, Ibrahim N, Sumathi S (2005) Adsorption of residual oil from palm oil mill
effluent using rubber powder. Braz J Chem Eng 22(3):371–379. https://doi.org/10.1590/S010466322005000300006
Ahmad AL, Sumathi S, Hameed BH (2006) Coagulation of residue oil and suspended solid in palm
oil mill effluent by chitosan, alum and PAC. Chem Eng J 118:99–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
cej.2006.02.001
Akim EL, Smirnov MN, Aldokhin NA, Mazitov LA (2010) Method of sewage treatment by
pressure floatation. Russia RU2386590C1
Alade AO, Jameel AT, Muyubi SA, Abdul Karim MI, Alam MZ (2011) Removal of oil and grease
as emerging pollutants of concern (EPC) in wastewater stream. IIUM Eng J 12(4):161–169.
https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v12i4.218
Al-Shamrani AA, James A, Xiao H (2002) Separation of oil from water by dissolved air flotation.
Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 209:15–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0927-7757(02)
00208-X
Alther GR (2002) Removing oil from water with organoclays. J Am Water Work Assn 94
(7):115–121. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.2002.tb09512.x
378
M. H. D. Othman et al.
complying to the wastewater discharge standards.
In a nutshell, the development of the sustainable treatment technologies is pivotal
towards the preservation of the quality of the environment. Most of the conventional
methods are costly and involves the use of chemicals that require long degradation
time. Hence, this chapter discusses comprehensively on the effective advanced
technologies to treat the oily wastewater. Furthermore, the presence of the extremely
toxic contaminants in the oily wastewater such as radionuclides, persistent organic
pollutants, hydrocarbon and some endocrine disruptor components should also be
given more attention. The release of these substances to the environment would pose
serious threats to the survival of the living organisms and environmental sustainability. However, the use of single technology is not efficient enough to satisfy all the
discharge requirements for different contaminants. Hence, the approach of integrating different technologies is perceived to be more effective and could provide the
best solution to these never-ending problems.
Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank the Ministry of Education Malaysia for
the financial support under the Higher Institution Center of Excellence Scheme (Project number:
R.J090301.7809.4J430). In addition, deepest appreciation would also be extended to Universiti
Teknologi Malaysia for the research fund under the Transdiciplinary Research (TDR) Grant
(Project number: Q.J130000.3509.05G75).
References
Abdullah MA, Rahmah AU, Man Z (2010) Physicochemical and sorption characteristics of
Malaysian Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. As a natural oil sorbent. J Hazard Mater
177:683–691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.12.085
Agarwal A, Ng WJ, Liu Y (2011) Principle and applications of microbubble and nanobubble
technology for water treatment. Chemosphere 84:1175–1180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
chemosphere.2011.05.054
Ahmad AL, Bhatia S, Ibrahim N, Sumathi S (2005) Adsorption of residual oil from palm oil mill
effluent using rubber powder. Braz J Chem Eng 22(3):371–379. https://doi.org/10.1590/S010466322005000300006
Ahmad AL, Sumathi S, Hameed BH (2006) Coagulation of residue oil and suspended solid in palm
oil mill effluent by chitosan, alum and PAC. Chem Eng J 118:99–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
cej.2006.02.001
Akim EL, Smirnov MN, Aldokhin NA, Mazitov LA (2010) Method of sewage treatment by
pressure floatation. Russia RU2386590C1
Alade AO, Jameel AT, Muyubi SA, Abdul Karim MI, Alam MZ (2011) Removal of oil and grease
as emerging pollutants of concern (EPC) in wastewater stream. IIUM Eng J 12(4):161–169.
https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v12i4.218
Al-Shamrani AA, James A, Xiao H (2002) Separation of oil from water by dissolved air flotation.
Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 209:15–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0927-7757(02)
00208-X
Alther GR (2002) Removing oil from water with organoclays. J Am Water Work Assn 94
(7):115–121. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.2002.tb09512.x
378
M. H. D. Othman et al.