Table 11.6 List of hybridized methods and systems for oily wastewater treatment
Year Researchers
Treatment methods
Wastewater source
Removal efficiency of
contaminants
2004 Mostefa and
Tir
Electro-flotation
coupled with
flocculation
Synthetic oil-in-water
emulsion (chemical
oxygen demand:
62,300 mg/L; turbidity: 29,700 NTU)
99% of chemical
oxygen demand and
99% of turbidity
2010 Abdullah
et al.
Combined sorption
with membrane
filtration
Diesel oil, new and
used engine oil
36.7 g/g of diesel oil,
50.8 g/g of used
engine oil and 47.4 g/g
of new engine oil
2010 Yan et al.
Catalytic vacuum distillation with promoters (iron (III)
chloride, kaolin, sulfuric acid, and sodium
hydroxide)
Petroleum refinery
wastewater (chemical
oxygen demand:
4238 mg/L)
99% of chemical
oxygen demand
2011 Yang et al.
Submerged membrane
bioreactors with
electrocoagulation and
electro-flotation
Synthetic oil-in-water
emulsion (p-xylene:
3000 mg/L; total
organic carbon:
3817 mg/L)
96% of p-xylene and
total organic carbon
2011 Zhao et al.
Combined sorption
with membrane
filtration
Diesel oil
70.6 g/g of diesel oil
2011 Sokker et al. Adsorption by hydrogel of chitosan-based
polyacrylamide prepared by radiationinduced graft
polymerization
The aqueous solution
with 500–30,000 mg/L
of crude oil
1.8 g of crude oil
per g of seawater
2011 Santander
et al.
Flocculation and flotation in a modified
jet cell.
Simulated offshore
petroleum effluents
with 50–600 mg/L of
oil
80–85% of oil
removal
2012 Yang et al.
Ceramic
microfiltration membranes with powdered
activated carbon
Simulated restaurant
wastewater with 5 and
100 mg/L oil
98.3% of chemical
oxygen demand for
5 mg/L oil content
and 99.1% of chemical oxygen demand
for 100 mg/L oil
content
2012 Santo et al.
Coagulation-flocculation and flotation
processes
Refinery wastewater
with 580 Æ 4 mg/L
chemical oxygen
demand
> 80% of chemical
oxygen demand
2014 Ong et al.
Submerged membrane
photocatalytic reactor
consisting of
polyvinylidene fluoride TiO 2
Synthetic oily wastewater with
250–10,000 mg/L oil
>90% of oil
2014 McLaughlin
et al.
Modified jet cell
Shipboard bilge water
with oil content of up to
129.56 Æ 55.53 mg/L
97% of oil
Year Researchers
Treatment methods
Wastewater source
Removal efficiency of
contaminants
2004 Mostefa and
Tir
Electro-flotation
coupled with
flocculation
Synthetic oil-in-water
emulsion (chemical
oxygen demand:
62,300 mg/L; turbidity: 29,700 NTU)
99% of chemical
oxygen demand and
99% of turbidity
2010 Abdullah
et al.
Combined sorption
with membrane
filtration
Diesel oil, new and
used engine oil
36.7 g/g of diesel oil,
50.8 g/g of used
engine oil and 47.4 g/g
of new engine oil
2010 Yan et al.
Catalytic vacuum distillation with promoters (iron (III)
chloride, kaolin, sulfuric acid, and sodium
hydroxide)
Petroleum refinery
wastewater (chemical
oxygen demand:
4238 mg/L)
99% of chemical
oxygen demand
2011 Yang et al.
Submerged membrane
bioreactors with
electrocoagulation and
electro-flotation
Synthetic oil-in-water
emulsion (p-xylene:
3000 mg/L; total
organic carbon:
3817 mg/L)
96% of p-xylene and
total organic carbon
2011 Zhao et al.
Combined sorption
with membrane
filtration
Diesel oil
70.6 g/g of diesel oil
2011 Sokker et al. Adsorption by hydrogel of chitosan-based
polyacrylamide prepared by radiationinduced graft
polymerization
The aqueous solution
with 500–30,000 mg/L
of crude oil
1.8 g of crude oil
per g of seawater
2011 Santander
et al.
Flocculation and flotation in a modified
jet cell.
Simulated offshore
petroleum effluents
with 50–600 mg/L of
oil
80–85% of oil
removal
2012 Yang et al.
Ceramic
microfiltration membranes with powdered
activated carbon
Simulated restaurant
wastewater with 5 and
100 mg/L oil
98.3% of chemical
oxygen demand for
5 mg/L oil content
and 99.1% of chemical oxygen demand
for 100 mg/L oil
content
2012 Santo et al.
Coagulation-flocculation and flotation
processes
Refinery wastewater
with 580 Æ 4 mg/L
chemical oxygen
demand
> 80% of chemical
oxygen demand
2014 Ong et al.
Submerged membrane
photocatalytic reactor
consisting of
polyvinylidene fluoride TiO 2
Synthetic oily wastewater with
250–10,000 mg/L oil
>90% of oil
2014 McLaughlin
et al.
Modified jet cell
Shipboard bilge water
with oil content of up to
129.56 Æ 55.53 mg/L
97% of oil