Kubicki S, Bollinger A, Katzke N et al (2019) Marine biosurfactants: biosynthesis, structural
diversity and biotechnological applications. Mar Drugs 17(7):408. https://doi.org/10.3390/
md17070408
Landry MR, Constantinou J, Latasa M et al (2000) Biological response to iron fertilization in the
eastern equatorial Pacific (IronEx II). III. Dynamics of phytoplankton growth and
microzooplankton grazing. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 201:73–83. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps201057
Leahy JG, Colwell RR (1990) Microbial degradation of hydro- carbons in the environment.
Microbiol Rev 54:305–315
Lea-Smith JD, Biller SJ, Davey MP et al (2015) Contribution of cyanobacterial alkane production to
the ocean hydrocarbon cycle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 112:13591–13596. https://doi.org/10.
1073/pnas.1507274112
Lei AP, Hu ZL, Wong YS et al (2007) Removal of fluoranthene and pyrene by different microalgal
species. Bioresour Technol 98:273–280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2006.01.012
Li R, Zi X, Wang X et al (2013) Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus NY-4, a novel denitrifying,
moderately halophilic marine bacterium. Spring 2:346. https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-2346
Li W, Huang JM, Zhang PW et al (2019) Periodic and spatial spreading of alkanes and Alcanivorax
Bacteria in deep waters of the Mariana trench. Appl Environ Microbiol. https://doi.org/10.1128/
AEM.02089-18
Lian Z, Xu J, Wang Z et al (2018) Nanosecond laser induced underwater superoleophobic and
underoil superhydropho–bic mesh for oil/water separation. Langmuir 34(9):2981–2988. https://
doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b03986
Lindgren JF, Hassellov IM, Dahllof I (2012) Meiofaunal and bacterial community response to
diesel additions in a microcosm study. Mar Pollut Bull 64:595–601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
marpolbul.2011.12.014
Lindgren JF, Wilewska-Bien M, Granhag L (2016) Discharges to the Sea. In: Andersson K,
Brynolf S, Lindgren FJ, Wilewska-Bien M (eds) Shipping and the environment: improving
environmental performance in marine transportation. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 125–295.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49045-7_4
Lindquist B, Warshawsky D (1985a) Stereospecificity in algal oxidation of the carcinogen benzo[a]
pyrene. Experientia 41:767–769. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02012587
Lindquist B, Warshawsky D (1985b) Identification of the 11,12- dihydro-11,12 dihydroxybenzo[a]
pyrene as a major metabolite produced by the green alga Selenastrum capricornutum. Biochem
Biophys Res Commun 130:71–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-291X(85)90383-3
Liu C, Shao Z (2005) Alcanivorax dieselolei sp. nov., a novel alkane-degrading bacterium isolated
from sea water and deep-sea sediment. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:1181–1186. https://doi.org/
10.1099/ijs.0.63443-0
Liu Y, Liu Y, Li N et al (2019) Effect of oil spill stress on fatty acid stable carbon isotope
composition of Ulva pertusa. Sci Total Environ 649:1443–1451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
scitotenv.2018.08.377
Luo L, Wang P, Lin L et al (2014) Removal and transformation of high molecular weight polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons in water by live and dead microalgae. Process Biochem 49
(10):1723–1732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2014.06.026
Luther M (1990) Degradation of different substituted aromatic compounds as nutrient sources by
the green alga Scenedesmus obliquus. Dechema Biotechnol 4:613–615
Luther M, Soeder CJ (1987) Some naphthalene sulphonic acids as Sulphur sources for the green
microalga, Scenedesmus obliquus. Chemosphere 16:1565–1578. https://doi.org/10.1016/00456535(87)90097-X
Luther M, Soeder CJ (1991) 1-Naphthalenesulfonic acid and sulfate as sulfur sources for the green
alga Scenedesmus obliquus. Wat Res 25(3):299–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(91)
90009-F
7 Biodegradation of Hydrocarbons in Marine Environment
221
diversity and biotechnological applications. Mar Drugs 17(7):408. https://doi.org/10.3390/
md17070408
Landry MR, Constantinou J, Latasa M et al (2000) Biological response to iron fertilization in the
eastern equatorial Pacific (IronEx II). III. Dynamics of phytoplankton growth and
microzooplankton grazing. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 201:73–83. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps201057
Leahy JG, Colwell RR (1990) Microbial degradation of hydro- carbons in the environment.
Microbiol Rev 54:305–315
Lea-Smith JD, Biller SJ, Davey MP et al (2015) Contribution of cyanobacterial alkane production to
the ocean hydrocarbon cycle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 112:13591–13596. https://doi.org/10.
1073/pnas.1507274112
Lei AP, Hu ZL, Wong YS et al (2007) Removal of fluoranthene and pyrene by different microalgal
species. Bioresour Technol 98:273–280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2006.01.012
Li R, Zi X, Wang X et al (2013) Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus NY-4, a novel denitrifying,
moderately halophilic marine bacterium. Spring 2:346. https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-2346
Li W, Huang JM, Zhang PW et al (2019) Periodic and spatial spreading of alkanes and Alcanivorax
Bacteria in deep waters of the Mariana trench. Appl Environ Microbiol. https://doi.org/10.1128/
AEM.02089-18
Lian Z, Xu J, Wang Z et al (2018) Nanosecond laser induced underwater superoleophobic and
underoil superhydropho–bic mesh for oil/water separation. Langmuir 34(9):2981–2988. https://
doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b03986
Lindgren JF, Hassellov IM, Dahllof I (2012) Meiofaunal and bacterial community response to
diesel additions in a microcosm study. Mar Pollut Bull 64:595–601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
marpolbul.2011.12.014
Lindgren JF, Wilewska-Bien M, Granhag L (2016) Discharges to the Sea. In: Andersson K,
Brynolf S, Lindgren FJ, Wilewska-Bien M (eds) Shipping and the environment: improving
environmental performance in marine transportation. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 125–295.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49045-7_4
Lindquist B, Warshawsky D (1985a) Stereospecificity in algal oxidation of the carcinogen benzo[a]
pyrene. Experientia 41:767–769. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02012587
Lindquist B, Warshawsky D (1985b) Identification of the 11,12- dihydro-11,12 dihydroxybenzo[a]
pyrene as a major metabolite produced by the green alga Selenastrum capricornutum. Biochem
Biophys Res Commun 130:71–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-291X(85)90383-3
Liu C, Shao Z (2005) Alcanivorax dieselolei sp. nov., a novel alkane-degrading bacterium isolated
from sea water and deep-sea sediment. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:1181–1186. https://doi.org/
10.1099/ijs.0.63443-0
Liu Y, Liu Y, Li N et al (2019) Effect of oil spill stress on fatty acid stable carbon isotope
composition of Ulva pertusa. Sci Total Environ 649:1443–1451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
scitotenv.2018.08.377
Luo L, Wang P, Lin L et al (2014) Removal and transformation of high molecular weight polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons in water by live and dead microalgae. Process Biochem 49
(10):1723–1732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2014.06.026
Luther M (1990) Degradation of different substituted aromatic compounds as nutrient sources by
the green alga Scenedesmus obliquus. Dechema Biotechnol 4:613–615
Luther M, Soeder CJ (1987) Some naphthalene sulphonic acids as Sulphur sources for the green
microalga, Scenedesmus obliquus. Chemosphere 16:1565–1578. https://doi.org/10.1016/00456535(87)90097-X
Luther M, Soeder CJ (1991) 1-Naphthalenesulfonic acid and sulfate as sulfur sources for the green
alga Scenedesmus obliquus. Wat Res 25(3):299–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(91)
90009-F
7 Biodegradation of Hydrocarbons in Marine Environment
221