158
T. Chandran et al.
Keywords Microplastics · Dentistry · BPA · Denture base materials · Toothpaste ·
Resin-based composite · Environmental pollution · Biotoxins
List of Abbreviations
PEMRG
PlasticsEurope’s Market Research and Statistics Group
BPA
Bisphenol A
RBC
Resin-based composites
HEMA
Hydroxy ethyl methacrylate
TEGDMA Triethylene glycol dimethacrylatef
UDMA
Urethane-dimethacrylate
PMMA
Poly Methyl Methacrykate
EGDM
Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate agent
BIS GMA Bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate
BIS DMA Bisphenol A dimethacrylate
WWTP
Waste water treatment plant
MP
Microplastic
PE
Polyethylene
POP
Persistent Organic Pollutants
PCB
Polychlorinated biphenyl
MMA
Methyl methacrylate
UV
Ultra Violet
1 Introduction
Plastic by its general application is a group of synthetic polymers derived from fossil
fuel or biomass-derived plastics. At the current production rate and usage trends, it is
estimated to reach a production of 2000 million tonnes by 2050 [44]. With the global
production of 1.5 million t in 1950 to around 360 million t of production worldwide
in 2018 (PEMRG), plastic demand is increasing by each day due to its adaptability
to varied industries and societal needs [1]. The same benefits of the material like its
durability, resistance to degradation, etc., has made it an indispensable part of the
human life and also added to the woes in its waste management. Around 4.8–12.7
million tonnes of plastic enter our ocean every year [30].
The small size plastics popularly called as microplastics is the subject of concern
these days as they can affect the environment and human health in various ways.
There is no clear-cut universal guideline in terms of defining microplastic. However,
the particles with size <5 mm are generally considered as microplastics [2, 20].
They are further classified based on origin into primary and secondary microplastics.
Plastics originally manufactured as small size commonly found in textile fabrics,
T. Chandran et al.
Keywords Microplastics · Dentistry · BPA · Denture base materials · Toothpaste ·
Resin-based composite · Environmental pollution · Biotoxins
List of Abbreviations
PEMRG
PlasticsEurope’s Market Research and Statistics Group
BPA
Bisphenol A
RBC
Resin-based composites
HEMA
Hydroxy ethyl methacrylate
TEGDMA Triethylene glycol dimethacrylatef
UDMA
Urethane-dimethacrylate
PMMA
Poly Methyl Methacrykate
EGDM
Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate agent
BIS GMA Bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate
BIS DMA Bisphenol A dimethacrylate
WWTP
Waste water treatment plant
MP
Microplastic
PE
Polyethylene
POP
Persistent Organic Pollutants
PCB
Polychlorinated biphenyl
MMA
Methyl methacrylate
UV
Ultra Violet
1 Introduction
Plastic by its general application is a group of synthetic polymers derived from fossil
fuel or biomass-derived plastics. At the current production rate and usage trends, it is
estimated to reach a production of 2000 million tonnes by 2050 [44]. With the global
production of 1.5 million t in 1950 to around 360 million t of production worldwide
in 2018 (PEMRG), plastic demand is increasing by each day due to its adaptability
to varied industries and societal needs [1]. The same benefits of the material like its
durability, resistance to degradation, etc., has made it an indispensable part of the
human life and also added to the woes in its waste management. Around 4.8–12.7
million tonnes of plastic enter our ocean every year [30].
The small size plastics popularly called as microplastics is the subject of concern
these days as they can affect the environment and human health in various ways.
There is no clear-cut universal guideline in terms of defining microplastic. However,
the particles with size <5 mm are generally considered as microplastics [2, 20].
They are further classified based on origin into primary and secondary microplastics.
Plastics originally manufactured as small size commonly found in textile fabrics,