29
Saeedi M, Ghasemi I, Karrabi M (2011) Thermal degradation of poly (vinyl chloride): effect of
nanoclay and low density polyethylene content. Iran Polym J 20(5):424–432
Santo M, Weitsman R, Sivan A (2013) The role of the copper-binding enzyme-laccase-in the
biodegradation of polyethylene by the actinomycete Rhodococcus ruber. Int Biodeterior
Biodegradation 84:204–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2012.03.001
Sarkar J, Kazy SK, Gupta A, Dutta A, Mohapatra B, Roy A, Bera P, Mitra A, Sar P (2016)
Biostimulation of indigenous microbial community for bioremediation of petroleum refinery
sludge. Front Microbiol 7:1407. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.0
Satpute SK, Banat IM, Dhakephalkar PK, Banpurkar AG, Chopade BA (2010) Biosurfactants, bioemulsifiers and exopolysaccharides from marine microorganisms. Biotechnol Adv 28:436–450.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2010.02.006
Shah V, Jain K, Desai C, Madamwar D (2011) Metagenomics and integrative ‘omics’ technologies in microbial bioremediation: current trends and potential applications. In: Marco D (ed)
Metagenomics: current innovations and future trends. Caister Academic Press, Norfolk,
pp 211–240
Shen L, Worrell E, Patel M (2010) Present and future development in plastics from biomass: innovation for a sustainable economy. Biofpr 4:25–40. https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.189
Sifakis S, Androutsopoulos VP, Tsatsakis AM, Spandidos DA (2017) Human exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals: effects on the male and female reproductive systems. Environ
Toxicol Pharmacol 51:56–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2017.02.024
Singh RP, Tyagi VV, Allen T, Ibrahim MH, Kothari R (2011) An overview for exploring the possibilities of energy generation from municipal solid waste (MSW) in Indian scenario. Renew
Sustain Energy Rev 15:4797–4808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2011.07.071
Sudesh K (2013) Bio-Based and biodegradable polymers. In: Sudesh K (ed) Polyhydroxyalkanoates
from palm oil: Biodegradable plastics. Springer, Berlin, pp 3–36
Sussarellu R, Suquet M, Thomas Y, Lambert C, Fabioux C, Pernet MEJ, Le Goïc N, Quillien
V, Mingant C, Epelboin Y, Corporeau C (2016) Oyster reproduction is affected by exposure
to polystyrene microplastics. Proc Natl Acad Sci 113:2430–2435. https://doi.org/10.1073/
pnas.1519019113
Swartz JR (2018) Expanding biological applications using cell-free metabolic engineering: An
overview. Metab Eng 50:156–172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymben.2018.09.011
Szycher M (1999) Szycher’s handbook of polyurethanes. CRC Press, Washington, DC
Takai K, Nakamura K (2010) Compositional, physiological and metabolic variability in microbial
communities associated with geochemically diverse, deep-sea hydrothermal vent fluids. In:
Barton L, Mandl M, Loy A (eds) Geomicrobiology: molecular and environmental perspective.
Springer, Dordrecht, pp 251–283. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9204-5_12
Tanaka K, Takada H, Yamashita R, Mizukawa K, Fukuwaka MA, Watanuki Y (2013) Accumulation
of plastic-derived chemicals in tissues of seabirds ingesting marine plastics. Mar Pollut Bull
69:219–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.12.010
Thompson RC, Moore CJ, Vom Saal FS, Swan SH (2009a) Plastics, the environment and human
health: current consensus and future trends. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 364(1526):2153–2166.
https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0053
Thompson RC, Swan SH, Moore CJ, Vom Saal FS (2009b) Our plastic age. Philos Trans R Soc B
364:1973–1976. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0054
Tolinski M (2011) Plastics and sustainability: towards a peaceful coexistence between bio-based
and fossil fuel-based plastics. Wiley, Hoboken
Urbanek AK, Rymowicz W, Mirończuk AM (2018) Degradation of plastics and plastic- degrading
bacteria in cold marine habitats. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 102:7669–7678. https://doi.
org/10.1007/s00253-018-9195-y
United States Environmental Protection Agency (2009) Final strategic plan for the future of toxicity testing and risk assessment. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC
Van Franeker JA, Bell PJ (1988) Plastic ingestion by petrels breeding in Antarctica. Mar Pollut
Bull 19:672–674. https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-326X(88)90388-8
1 Microbial Degradation of Plastics and Its Biotechnological Advancement
Saeedi M, Ghasemi I, Karrabi M (2011) Thermal degradation of poly (vinyl chloride): effect of
nanoclay and low density polyethylene content. Iran Polym J 20(5):424–432
Santo M, Weitsman R, Sivan A (2013) The role of the copper-binding enzyme-laccase-in the
biodegradation of polyethylene by the actinomycete Rhodococcus ruber. Int Biodeterior
Biodegradation 84:204–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2012.03.001
Sarkar J, Kazy SK, Gupta A, Dutta A, Mohapatra B, Roy A, Bera P, Mitra A, Sar P (2016)
Biostimulation of indigenous microbial community for bioremediation of petroleum refinery
sludge. Front Microbiol 7:1407. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.0
Satpute SK, Banat IM, Dhakephalkar PK, Banpurkar AG, Chopade BA (2010) Biosurfactants, bioemulsifiers and exopolysaccharides from marine microorganisms. Biotechnol Adv 28:436–450.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2010.02.006
Shah V, Jain K, Desai C, Madamwar D (2011) Metagenomics and integrative ‘omics’ technologies in microbial bioremediation: current trends and potential applications. In: Marco D (ed)
Metagenomics: current innovations and future trends. Caister Academic Press, Norfolk,
pp 211–240
Shen L, Worrell E, Patel M (2010) Present and future development in plastics from biomass: innovation for a sustainable economy. Biofpr 4:25–40. https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.189
Sifakis S, Androutsopoulos VP, Tsatsakis AM, Spandidos DA (2017) Human exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals: effects on the male and female reproductive systems. Environ
Toxicol Pharmacol 51:56–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2017.02.024
Singh RP, Tyagi VV, Allen T, Ibrahim MH, Kothari R (2011) An overview for exploring the possibilities of energy generation from municipal solid waste (MSW) in Indian scenario. Renew
Sustain Energy Rev 15:4797–4808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2011.07.071
Sudesh K (2013) Bio-Based and biodegradable polymers. In: Sudesh K (ed) Polyhydroxyalkanoates
from palm oil: Biodegradable plastics. Springer, Berlin, pp 3–36
Sussarellu R, Suquet M, Thomas Y, Lambert C, Fabioux C, Pernet MEJ, Le Goïc N, Quillien
V, Mingant C, Epelboin Y, Corporeau C (2016) Oyster reproduction is affected by exposure
to polystyrene microplastics. Proc Natl Acad Sci 113:2430–2435. https://doi.org/10.1073/
pnas.1519019113
Swartz JR (2018) Expanding biological applications using cell-free metabolic engineering: An
overview. Metab Eng 50:156–172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymben.2018.09.011
Szycher M (1999) Szycher’s handbook of polyurethanes. CRC Press, Washington, DC
Takai K, Nakamura K (2010) Compositional, physiological and metabolic variability in microbial
communities associated with geochemically diverse, deep-sea hydrothermal vent fluids. In:
Barton L, Mandl M, Loy A (eds) Geomicrobiology: molecular and environmental perspective.
Springer, Dordrecht, pp 251–283. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9204-5_12
Tanaka K, Takada H, Yamashita R, Mizukawa K, Fukuwaka MA, Watanuki Y (2013) Accumulation
of plastic-derived chemicals in tissues of seabirds ingesting marine plastics. Mar Pollut Bull
69:219–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.12.010
Thompson RC, Moore CJ, Vom Saal FS, Swan SH (2009a) Plastics, the environment and human
health: current consensus and future trends. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 364(1526):2153–2166.
https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0053
Thompson RC, Swan SH, Moore CJ, Vom Saal FS (2009b) Our plastic age. Philos Trans R Soc B
364:1973–1976. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0054
Tolinski M (2011) Plastics and sustainability: towards a peaceful coexistence between bio-based
and fossil fuel-based plastics. Wiley, Hoboken
Urbanek AK, Rymowicz W, Mirończuk AM (2018) Degradation of plastics and plastic- degrading
bacteria in cold marine habitats. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 102:7669–7678. https://doi.
org/10.1007/s00253-018-9195-y
United States Environmental Protection Agency (2009) Final strategic plan for the future of toxicity testing and risk assessment. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC
Van Franeker JA, Bell PJ (1988) Plastic ingestion by petrels breeding in Antarctica. Mar Pollut
Bull 19:672–674. https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-326X(88)90388-8
1 Microbial Degradation of Plastics and Its Biotechnological Advancement