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82. Wang Z, Luo Y, Xie X, Hu X, Song H,
Zhao Y, Shi J, Wang L, Glinsky G, Chen N,
Lal R, Fan C (2018) In situ spatial complementation of aptamer-mediated recognition
enables live-cell imaging of native RNA transcripts in real time. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
57(4):972–976. https://doi.org/10.1002/
anie.201707795
83. Karunanayake Mudiyanselage A, Yu Q, LeonDuque MA, Zhao B, Wu R, You M (2018)
Genetically encoded catalytic hairpin assembly
for sensitive RNA imaging in live cells. J Am
Chem Soc 140(28):8739–8745. https://doi.
org/10.1021/jacs.8b03956
84. Alam KK, Tawiah KD, Lichte MF, Porciani D,
Burke DH (2017) A fluorescent split aptamer
for visualizing RNA-RNA assembly in vivo.
Light-Up RNA Aptamers
99
https://doi.org/10.1093/femsyr/foy093
65. Guzman-Zapata D, Dominguez-Anaya Y,
Macedo-Osorio KS, Tovar-Aguilar A,
Castrejon-Flores JL, Duran-Figueroa NV,
Badillo-Corona JA (2017) mRNA imaging
in the chloroplast of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii using the light-up aptamer Spinach. J
Biotechnol 251:186–188. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.03.028
66. Ponchon L, Dardel F (2007) Recombinant
RNA technology: the tRNA scaffold. Nat
Methods 4(7):571–576. https://doi.org/10.
1038/nmeth1058
67. Filonov GS, Kam CW, Song W, Jaffrey SR
(2015) In-gel imaging of RNA processing
using broccoli reveals optimal aptamer expression strategies. Chem Biol 22(5):649–660.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chembiol.2015.
04.018
68. Litke JL, Jaffrey SR (2019) Highly efficient
expression of circular RNA aptamers in cells
using autocatalytic transcripts. Nat Biotechnol 37(6):667–675. https://doi.org/10.
1038/s41587-019-0090-6
69. Yaseen IM, Ang QR, Unrau PJ (2019) Fluorescent visualization of mango-tagged RNA
in polyacrylamide gels via a poststaining
method. J Vis Exp (148). https://doi.org/
10.3791/59112
70. Zhang J, Fei J, Leslie BJ, Han KY, Kuhlman
TE, Ha T (2015) Tandem Spinach Array for
mRNA Imaging in Living Bacterial Cells. Sci
Rep 5:17295. https://doi.org/10.1038/
srep17295
71. Ying ZM, Yuan YY, Tu B, Tang LJ, Yu RQ,
Jiang JH (2019) A single promoter system
co-expressing RNA sensor with fluorescent
proteins for quantitative mRNA imaging in
living tumor cells. Chem Sci 10
(18):4828–4833. https://doi.org/10.1039/
c9sc00458k
72. Sato S, Watanabe M, Katsuda Y, Murata A,
Wang DO, Uesugi M (2015) Live-cell imaging of endogenous mRNAs with a small molecule. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 54
(6):1855–1858. https://doi.org/10.1002/
anie.201410339
73. Ong WQ, Citron YR, Sekine S, Huang B
(2017) Live cell imaging of endogenous
mRNA using RNA-based fluorescence
“turn-on” probe. ACS Chem Biol 12
(1):200–205.
https://doi.org/10.1021/
acschembio.6b00586
74. Soni R, Sharma D, Krishna AM, Sathiri J,
Sharma A (2019) A highly efficient Baby
Spinach-based minimal modified sensor
(BSMS) for nucleic acid analysis. Org Biomol
Chem 17(30):7222–7227. https://doi.org/
10.1039/c9ob01414d
75. Aw SS, Tang MX, Teo YN, Cohen SM (2016)
A
conformation-induced
fluorescence
method for microRNA detection. Nucleic
Acids Res 44(10):e92. https://doi.org/10.
1093/nar/gkw108
76. Huang K, Doyle F, Wurz ZE, Tenenbaum SA,
Hammond RK, Caplan JL, Meyers BC (2017)
FASTmiR: an RNA-based sensor for in vitro
quantification and live-cell localization of
small RNAs. Nucleic Acids Res. https://doi.
org/10.1093/nar/gkx504
77. Ying ZM, Wu Z, Tu B, Tan W, Jiang JH
(2017) Genetically encoded fluorescent RNA
sensor for ratiometric imaging of microRNA
in living tumor cells. J Am Chem Soc 139
(29):9779–9782. https://doi.org/10.1021/
jacs.7b04527
78. Zhong W, Sczepanski JT (2019) A mirror
image fluorogenic aptamer sensor for livecell imaging of microRNAs. ACS Sens 4
(3):566–570.
https://doi.org/10.1021/
acssensors.9b00252
79. Kolpashchikov DM (2005) Binary malachite
green aptamer for fluorescent detection of
nucleic acids. J Am Chem Soc 127
(36):12442–12443.
https://doi.org/10.
1021/ja0529788
80. Kikuchi N, Kolpashchikov DM (2016) Split
spinach aptamer for highly selective recognition of DNA and RNA at ambient temperatures. Chembiochem 17(17):1589–1592.
https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.201600323
81. Kikuchi N, Kolpashchikov DM (2017) A universal split spinach aptamer (USSA) for
nucleic acid analysis and DNA computation.
Chem Commun (Camb) 53(36):4977–4980.
https://doi.org/10.1039/c7cc01540b
82. Wang Z, Luo Y, Xie X, Hu X, Song H,
Zhao Y, Shi J, Wang L, Glinsky G, Chen N,
Lal R, Fan C (2018) In situ spatial complementation of aptamer-mediated recognition
enables live-cell imaging of native RNA transcripts in real time. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
57(4):972–976. https://doi.org/10.1002/
anie.201707795
83. Karunanayake Mudiyanselage A, Yu Q, LeonDuque MA, Zhao B, Wu R, You M (2018)
Genetically encoded catalytic hairpin assembly
for sensitive RNA imaging in live cells. J Am
Chem Soc 140(28):8739–8745. https://doi.
org/10.1021/jacs.8b03956
84. Alam KK, Tawiah KD, Lichte MF, Porciani D,
Burke DH (2017) A fluorescent split aptamer
for visualizing RNA-RNA assembly in vivo.
Light-Up RNA Aptamers
99