46. Hamouda R, Bertorelle F, Rayane D, Antoine R, Broyer M, Dugourd P (2013) Glutathione
capped gold Au N (SG) M clusters studied by isotope-resolved mass spectrometry. Int J Mass
Spectrom 335:1–6
47. Lu Y, Chen W (2015) Application of mass spectrometry in the synthesis and characterization
of metal nanoclusters. Anal Chem 87:10659–10667
48. Chakraborty I, Pradeep T (2017) Atomically precise clusters of noble metals: emerging link
between atoms and nanoparticles. Chem Rev 117:8208–8271
49. Weerawardene KLDM, Aikens CM (2016) Theoretical insights into the origin of
photoluminescence of Au 25 (SR) 18 nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 138:11202–11210
50. Weerawardene KLDM, Guidez EB, Aikens CM (2017) Photoluminescence origin of
Au 38 (SR) 24 and Au 22 (SR) 18 nanoparticles: a theoretical perspective. J Phys Chem C
121:15416–15423
51. Weerawardene KLDM, Aikens CM (2018) Origin of photoluminescence of Ag 25 (SR) 18
nanoparticles: ligand and doping effect. J Phys Chem C 122:2440–2447
52. Fernando A, Weerawardene KLDM, Karimova NV, Aikens CM (2015) Quantum mechanical
studies of large metal, metal oxide, and metal chalcogenide nanoparticles and clusters. Chem
Rev 115:6112–6216
53. Devadas MS, Kim J, Sinn E, Lee D, Goodson T, Ramakrishna G (2010) Unique ultrafast
visible luminescence in monolayer-protected Au 25 clusters. J Phys Chem C 114:22417–22423
54. Zheng J, Zhou C, Yu M, Liu J (2012) Different sized luminescent gold nanoparticles.
Nanoscale 4:4073–4083
55. Birge RR, Pierce BM (1979) A theoretical analysis of the two-photon properties of linear
polyenes and the visual chromophores. J Chem Phys 70:165–178
56. Przhonska OV, Webster S, Padilha LA, Hu H, Kachkovski AD, Hagan DJ, Van Stryland EW
(2010) Two-Photon absorption in near-IR conjugated molecules: design strategy and
structure-property relations. In: Demchenko AP (ed) Advanced fluorescence reporters in
chemistry and biology I: fundamentals and molecular design. Springer, Berlin, pp 105–147
57. Hu Z, Jensen L (2017) Importance of double-resonance effects in two-photon absorption
properties of Au 25 (SR) 18 . Chem Sci 8:4595–4601
58. Russier-Antoine I, Bertorelle F, Vojkovic M, Rayane D, Salmon E, Jonin C, Dugourd P,
Antoine R, Brevet P-F (2014) Non-linear optical properties of gold quantum clusters. The
smaller the better. Nanoscale 6:13572–13578
59. Bertorelle F, Moulin C, Soleilhac A, Comby-Zerbino C, Dugourd P, Russier-Antoine I,
Brevet P-F, Antoine R (2018) Bulky counterions: enhancing the two-photon excited
fluorescence of gold nanoclusters. Chem Phys Chem 19:165–168
60. Makarov NS, Drobizhev M, Rebane A (2008) Two-photon absorption standards in the 550–
1600 nm excitation wavelength range. Opt Express 16:4029–4047
61. Kasha M (1950) Characterization of electronic transitions in complex molecules. Discuss
Faraday Soc 9:14–19
62. van Steerteghem N, van Cleuvenbergen S, Deckers S, Kumara C, Dass A, Hakkinen H,
Clays K, Verbiest T, Knoppe S (2016) Symmetry breaking in ligand-protected gold clusters
probed by nonlinear optics. Nanoscale 8:12123–12127
63. le Guevel X, Trouillet V, Spies C, Li K, Laaksonen T, Auerbach D, Jung G, Schneider M
(2012) High photostability and enhanced fluorescence of gold nanoclusters by silver doping.
Nanoscale 4:7624–7631
64. Brach K, Waszkielewicz M, Olesiak-Banska J, Samoc M, Matczyszyn K (2017) Two-photon
imaging of 3D organization of bimetallic AuAg nanoclusters in DNA matrix. Langmuir
33:8993–8999
65. Kindi HA, Mohamed A, Kajimoto S, Zhanpeisov N, Horino H, Shibata Y, Rzeznicka II,
Fukumura H (2018) Single bovine serum albumin molecule can hold plural blue-emissive
gold nanoclusters: a quantitative study with two-photon excitation. J Photoch Photobio A
357:168–174
5 Ligand-Core NLO-Phores
159
capped gold Au N (SG) M clusters studied by isotope-resolved mass spectrometry. Int J Mass
Spectrom 335:1–6
47. Lu Y, Chen W (2015) Application of mass spectrometry in the synthesis and characterization
of metal nanoclusters. Anal Chem 87:10659–10667
48. Chakraborty I, Pradeep T (2017) Atomically precise clusters of noble metals: emerging link
between atoms and nanoparticles. Chem Rev 117:8208–8271
49. Weerawardene KLDM, Aikens CM (2016) Theoretical insights into the origin of
photoluminescence of Au 25 (SR) 18 nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 138:11202–11210
50. Weerawardene KLDM, Guidez EB, Aikens CM (2017) Photoluminescence origin of
Au 38 (SR) 24 and Au 22 (SR) 18 nanoparticles: a theoretical perspective. J Phys Chem C
121:15416–15423
51. Weerawardene KLDM, Aikens CM (2018) Origin of photoluminescence of Ag 25 (SR) 18
nanoparticles: ligand and doping effect. J Phys Chem C 122:2440–2447
52. Fernando A, Weerawardene KLDM, Karimova NV, Aikens CM (2015) Quantum mechanical
studies of large metal, metal oxide, and metal chalcogenide nanoparticles and clusters. Chem
Rev 115:6112–6216
53. Devadas MS, Kim J, Sinn E, Lee D, Goodson T, Ramakrishna G (2010) Unique ultrafast
visible luminescence in monolayer-protected Au 25 clusters. J Phys Chem C 114:22417–22423
54. Zheng J, Zhou C, Yu M, Liu J (2012) Different sized luminescent gold nanoparticles.
Nanoscale 4:4073–4083
55. Birge RR, Pierce BM (1979) A theoretical analysis of the two-photon properties of linear
polyenes and the visual chromophores. J Chem Phys 70:165–178
56. Przhonska OV, Webster S, Padilha LA, Hu H, Kachkovski AD, Hagan DJ, Van Stryland EW
(2010) Two-Photon absorption in near-IR conjugated molecules: design strategy and
structure-property relations. In: Demchenko AP (ed) Advanced fluorescence reporters in
chemistry and biology I: fundamentals and molecular design. Springer, Berlin, pp 105–147
57. Hu Z, Jensen L (2017) Importance of double-resonance effects in two-photon absorption
properties of Au 25 (SR) 18 . Chem Sci 8:4595–4601
58. Russier-Antoine I, Bertorelle F, Vojkovic M, Rayane D, Salmon E, Jonin C, Dugourd P,
Antoine R, Brevet P-F (2014) Non-linear optical properties of gold quantum clusters. The
smaller the better. Nanoscale 6:13572–13578
59. Bertorelle F, Moulin C, Soleilhac A, Comby-Zerbino C, Dugourd P, Russier-Antoine I,
Brevet P-F, Antoine R (2018) Bulky counterions: enhancing the two-photon excited
fluorescence of gold nanoclusters. Chem Phys Chem 19:165–168
60. Makarov NS, Drobizhev M, Rebane A (2008) Two-photon absorption standards in the 550–
1600 nm excitation wavelength range. Opt Express 16:4029–4047
61. Kasha M (1950) Characterization of electronic transitions in complex molecules. Discuss
Faraday Soc 9:14–19
62. van Steerteghem N, van Cleuvenbergen S, Deckers S, Kumara C, Dass A, Hakkinen H,
Clays K, Verbiest T, Knoppe S (2016) Symmetry breaking in ligand-protected gold clusters
probed by nonlinear optics. Nanoscale 8:12123–12127
63. le Guevel X, Trouillet V, Spies C, Li K, Laaksonen T, Auerbach D, Jung G, Schneider M
(2012) High photostability and enhanced fluorescence of gold nanoclusters by silver doping.
Nanoscale 4:7624–7631
64. Brach K, Waszkielewicz M, Olesiak-Banska J, Samoc M, Matczyszyn K (2017) Two-photon
imaging of 3D organization of bimetallic AuAg nanoclusters in DNA matrix. Langmuir
33:8993–8999
65. Kindi HA, Mohamed A, Kajimoto S, Zhanpeisov N, Horino H, Shibata Y, Rzeznicka II,
Fukumura H (2018) Single bovine serum albumin molecule can hold plural blue-emissive
gold nanoclusters: a quantitative study with two-photon excitation. J Photoch Photobio A
357:168–174
5 Ligand-Core NLO-Phores
159