46
4 Sefficiency (Sustainable Efficiency)
They have 56 distinct combinations, but only 12 of them in three impact categories
are important and will be covered in the following Sect. 4.4.2 (Three Impacts in
Differentials of Sefficiency). The two Micro efficiencies are flawed as mentioned
above in this subsection, with MicroSE b being analogous to the flawed Classical
Efficiency explained in the Sect. 4.5 below.
Real cases are generally one to many and consequently have many WPIs. Here,
two templates are available: (a) a free MS-Excel tool at Haie (Sefficiency (Sustainable efficiency) of Water-Energy-Food Entangled Systems 2016) as a supplementary
document that has the equations and a simple format to simulate various cases side by
side, (b) Appendix B: Sefficiency Template is the compact form used for this book.
Although these are one to one templates (i.e., WPT → WPI), they can be edited to
accommodate one to many scenarios.
Finally, in many applications, initially, the water managers can use Eq. (4.8) and
Eq. (4.10). This reduces the needed water quantities to two, most of the time I and
C, and utilizing the water balance equation, i.e., Equation 2.2, R can be found. These
three water quantities need six weights for their quality and beneficial attributes to
be able to calculate Sefficiency.
4.3 Weights
Most of the fields of science, if not all, employ weights explicitly and implicitly.
They may be difficult or controversial to set but as the Nobel Laureate Amartya Sen
(Inequality Reexamined 1992) affirms “weighting cannot really be, in any sense,
an embarrassment” and “We cannot criticize the commodity-centred evaluation on
the ground that different commodities are weighted differently.” Prices are weights
and we readily accept that different commodities have different prices in the same
location, and the same commodity has different prices in various locations.
In this book, there are two weights for each WPI (W bX and W qX ), which are set
according to the objectives of the WUS under analysis. They are explained in the
next two subsections, along with a subsection on Usefulness Criterion.
4.3.1 Quality Attribute
“Most economic systems refer to pollution as an “externality;” a cost or benefit
unaccounted for in the economic system. Pollution is a negative externality. Anyone
taking rudimentary economics should know this. Solutions that have been working
in the U.S. and many other places in the world involve government regulation of
polluters. Take these externalized costs and integrate them into the system so that
humans and aspects of nature that are suffering from their negative impacts without
receiving the benefits are protected” (Fitch 2012).
4 Sefficiency (Sustainable Efficiency)
They have 56 distinct combinations, but only 12 of them in three impact categories
are important and will be covered in the following Sect. 4.4.2 (Three Impacts in
Differentials of Sefficiency). The two Micro efficiencies are flawed as mentioned
above in this subsection, with MicroSE b being analogous to the flawed Classical
Efficiency explained in the Sect. 4.5 below.
Real cases are generally one to many and consequently have many WPIs. Here,
two templates are available: (a) a free MS-Excel tool at Haie (Sefficiency (Sustainable efficiency) of Water-Energy-Food Entangled Systems 2016) as a supplementary
document that has the equations and a simple format to simulate various cases side by
side, (b) Appendix B: Sefficiency Template is the compact form used for this book.
Although these are one to one templates (i.e., WPT → WPI), they can be edited to
accommodate one to many scenarios.
Finally, in many applications, initially, the water managers can use Eq. (4.8) and
Eq. (4.10). This reduces the needed water quantities to two, most of the time I and
C, and utilizing the water balance equation, i.e., Equation 2.2, R can be found. These
three water quantities need six weights for their quality and beneficial attributes to
be able to calculate Sefficiency.
4.3 Weights
Most of the fields of science, if not all, employ weights explicitly and implicitly.
They may be difficult or controversial to set but as the Nobel Laureate Amartya Sen
(Inequality Reexamined 1992) affirms “weighting cannot really be, in any sense,
an embarrassment” and “We cannot criticize the commodity-centred evaluation on
the ground that different commodities are weighted differently.” Prices are weights
and we readily accept that different commodities have different prices in the same
location, and the same commodity has different prices in various locations.
In this book, there are two weights for each WPI (W bX and W qX ), which are set
according to the objectives of the WUS under analysis. They are explained in the
next two subsections, along with a subsection on Usefulness Criterion.
4.3.1 Quality Attribute
“Most economic systems refer to pollution as an “externality;” a cost or benefit
unaccounted for in the economic system. Pollution is a negative externality. Anyone
taking rudimentary economics should know this. Solutions that have been working
in the U.S. and many other places in the world involve government regulation of
polluters. Take these externalized costs and integrate them into the system so that
humans and aspects of nature that are suffering from their negative impacts without
receiving the benefits are protected” (Fitch 2012).