in Fig. 1 and elsewhere around the globe (e.g. Australia, Germany, India, etc.).
Although the COSMOS networks are only sparsely available globally, there have
already been some studies carried out using the data: for example, in [33], it showed
COSMOS data could be used to test and diagnose hydro-meteorological models’
performance, indicating the potential for its model assimilation capabilities, as well
as demonstrating the data application in remote sensed soil moisture evaluations;
[34] explored the usage of COSMOS in landscape monitoring in a mixed agricultural
land use system in northeast Austria; and [35] had used the data for hydrological
processes investigation at catchment scales and found a good agreement between the
COSMOS data and the distributed soil moisture sensor network. Since COSMOS is
still under development, it has high uncertainty of soil moisture estimation, for
Fig. 1 COSMOS locations
at (a) the USA [31] and (b)
the UK [32]
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L. Zhuo