112
Marino, R., Chan, F., Howarth, R. W., Pace, M. L., & Likens, G. E. (2006). Ecological constraints
on planktonic nitrogen fixation in saline estuaries. I. Nutrient and trophic controls. Marine
Ecology Progress Series, 309, 25–39.
Martiny, A., Coleman, M., & Chisholm, S. (2006). Phosphate acquisition genes in Prochlorococcus
ecotypes: Evidence for genome-wide adaptation. Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences United States of America, 103(33), 12552.
McRose, D. L., Zhang, X., Kraepiel, A. M. L., & Morel, F. M. M. (2017). Diversity and activity of alternative nitrogenases in sequenced genomes and coastal environments. Frontiers in
Microbiology, 8, 267. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00267.
Mehta, M. P., & Baross, J. A. (2006). Nitrogen fixation at 92 degrees C by a hydrothermal vent
archaeon. Science, 314(5806), 1783–1786.
Middelburg, J. J., Mueller, C. E., Veuger, B., Larsson, A. I., Form, A., et al. (2015). Discovery of
symbiotic nitrogen fixation and chemoautotrophy in cold-water corals. Scientific Reports, 5,
17962.
Mills, M. M., Turk-Kubo, K. A., Wilson, S. T., Van Dijken, G. L., Henke, B. A., et al. (2020).
Unusual marine cyanobacteria/haptophyte symbiosis relies on N 2 fixation even in N-rich environments. The ISME Journal, 14, 2395.
Moisander, P. H., Hench, J. L., Kononen, K., & Paerl, H. W. (2002). Small-scale shear effects on
heterocystous cyanobacteria. Limnology and Oceanography, 47, 108–119.
Moisander, P. H., Beinart, R. A., Hewson, I., White, A. E., Johnson, K. S., et al. (2010). Unicellular
cyanobacterial distributions broaden the oceanic N 2 fixation domain. Science, 327(5972),
1512–1514. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1185468.
Moisander, P. H., Zhang, R., Boyle, E. A., Hewson, I., Montoya, J. P., et al. (2011). Analogous
nutrient limitations in unicellular diazotrophs and Prochlorococcus in the South Pacific Ocean.
The ISME Journal, 6(4), 733–744. https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2011.152.
Moore, C., Mills, M., Arrigo, K., Berman-Frank, I., Bopp, L., et al. (2013). Processes and patterns
of oceanic nutrient limitation. Nature Geoscience, 6(9), 701–710.
Moreira-Coello, V., Mouriño-Carballido, B., Marañón, E., Fernández-Carrera, A., Bode, A., et al.
(2017). Biological N 2 fixation in the upwelling region off NW Iberia: Magnitude, relevance,
and players. Frontiers in Marine Science, 4, 303.
Morel, F. M. M., & Price, N. M. (2003). The biogeochemical cycles of trace metals in the oceans.
Science, 300, 944–947.
Mulholland, M., & Capone, D. (2000). The nitrogen physiology of the marine N 2 -fixing cyanobacteria Trichodesmium spp. Trends in Plant Science, 5(4), 148–153.
O’Neil, J. M. (1998). The colonial cyanobacterium Trichodesmium as a physical and nutritional
substrate for the harpacticoid Macrosetella gracilis. Journal of Plankton Research, 20(1),
43–59.
O’Neil, J. M., & Capone, D. G. (1989). Nitrogenase activity in tropical carbonate marine sediments. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 56, 145–156.
Ohki, K. (1999). A possible role of temperate phage in the regulation of Trichodesmium biomass.
In L. Charpy & A. W. D. Larkum (Eds.), Marine cyanobacteria (Vol. Bulletin de l’Institut océanographique, pp. 287–292). Monaco City: Monaco Musée Océanographique.
Omoregie, E. O., Crumbliss, L. L., Bebout, B. M., & Zehr, J. P. (2004). Comparison of diazotroph
community structure in Lyngbya sp. and Microcoleus chthonoplastes dominated microbial
mats from Guerrero Negro, Baja, Mexico. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 47(3), 305–318.
Orchard, E., Webb, E., & Dyhrman, S. (2003). Characterization of phosphorus-regulated genes in
Trichodesmium spp. The Biological Bulletin, 205(2), 230–231.
Orchard, E. O., Webb, E. A., & Dyhrman, S. T. (2009). Molecular analysis of the phosphorus starvation response in Trichodesmium spp. Environmental Microbiology, 11, 2400–2411.
Orchard, E. D., Benitez-Nelson, C. R., Pellechia, P. J., Lomas, M. W., & Dyhrman, S. T. (2010).
Polyphosphate in Trichodesmium from the low-phosphorus Sargasso Sea. Limnology and
Oceanography, 55(5), 2161–2169.
Paerl, H. W. (1985). Microzone formation: Its role in the enhancement of aquatic N 2 fixation.
Limnology and Oceanography, 30, 1246–1252.
6 Factors Controlling N 2 Fixation
Marino, R., Chan, F., Howarth, R. W., Pace, M. L., & Likens, G. E. (2006). Ecological constraints
on planktonic nitrogen fixation in saline estuaries. I. Nutrient and trophic controls. Marine
Ecology Progress Series, 309, 25–39.
Martiny, A., Coleman, M., & Chisholm, S. (2006). Phosphate acquisition genes in Prochlorococcus
ecotypes: Evidence for genome-wide adaptation. Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences United States of America, 103(33), 12552.
McRose, D. L., Zhang, X., Kraepiel, A. M. L., & Morel, F. M. M. (2017). Diversity and activity of alternative nitrogenases in sequenced genomes and coastal environments. Frontiers in
Microbiology, 8, 267. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00267.
Mehta, M. P., & Baross, J. A. (2006). Nitrogen fixation at 92 degrees C by a hydrothermal vent
archaeon. Science, 314(5806), 1783–1786.
Middelburg, J. J., Mueller, C. E., Veuger, B., Larsson, A. I., Form, A., et al. (2015). Discovery of
symbiotic nitrogen fixation and chemoautotrophy in cold-water corals. Scientific Reports, 5,
17962.
Mills, M. M., Turk-Kubo, K. A., Wilson, S. T., Van Dijken, G. L., Henke, B. A., et al. (2020).
Unusual marine cyanobacteria/haptophyte symbiosis relies on N 2 fixation even in N-rich environments. The ISME Journal, 14, 2395.
Moisander, P. H., Hench, J. L., Kononen, K., & Paerl, H. W. (2002). Small-scale shear effects on
heterocystous cyanobacteria. Limnology and Oceanography, 47, 108–119.
Moisander, P. H., Beinart, R. A., Hewson, I., White, A. E., Johnson, K. S., et al. (2010). Unicellular
cyanobacterial distributions broaden the oceanic N 2 fixation domain. Science, 327(5972),
1512–1514. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1185468.
Moisander, P. H., Zhang, R., Boyle, E. A., Hewson, I., Montoya, J. P., et al. (2011). Analogous
nutrient limitations in unicellular diazotrophs and Prochlorococcus in the South Pacific Ocean.
The ISME Journal, 6(4), 733–744. https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2011.152.
Moore, C., Mills, M., Arrigo, K., Berman-Frank, I., Bopp, L., et al. (2013). Processes and patterns
of oceanic nutrient limitation. Nature Geoscience, 6(9), 701–710.
Moreira-Coello, V., Mouriño-Carballido, B., Marañón, E., Fernández-Carrera, A., Bode, A., et al.
(2017). Biological N 2 fixation in the upwelling region off NW Iberia: Magnitude, relevance,
and players. Frontiers in Marine Science, 4, 303.
Morel, F. M. M., & Price, N. M. (2003). The biogeochemical cycles of trace metals in the oceans.
Science, 300, 944–947.
Mulholland, M., & Capone, D. (2000). The nitrogen physiology of the marine N 2 -fixing cyanobacteria Trichodesmium spp. Trends in Plant Science, 5(4), 148–153.
O’Neil, J. M. (1998). The colonial cyanobacterium Trichodesmium as a physical and nutritional
substrate for the harpacticoid Macrosetella gracilis. Journal of Plankton Research, 20(1),
43–59.
O’Neil, J. M., & Capone, D. G. (1989). Nitrogenase activity in tropical carbonate marine sediments. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 56, 145–156.
Ohki, K. (1999). A possible role of temperate phage in the regulation of Trichodesmium biomass.
In L. Charpy & A. W. D. Larkum (Eds.), Marine cyanobacteria (Vol. Bulletin de l’Institut océanographique, pp. 287–292). Monaco City: Monaco Musée Océanographique.
Omoregie, E. O., Crumbliss, L. L., Bebout, B. M., & Zehr, J. P. (2004). Comparison of diazotroph
community structure in Lyngbya sp. and Microcoleus chthonoplastes dominated microbial
mats from Guerrero Negro, Baja, Mexico. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 47(3), 305–318.
Orchard, E., Webb, E., & Dyhrman, S. (2003). Characterization of phosphorus-regulated genes in
Trichodesmium spp. The Biological Bulletin, 205(2), 230–231.
Orchard, E. O., Webb, E. A., & Dyhrman, S. T. (2009). Molecular analysis of the phosphorus starvation response in Trichodesmium spp. Environmental Microbiology, 11, 2400–2411.
Orchard, E. D., Benitez-Nelson, C. R., Pellechia, P. J., Lomas, M. W., & Dyhrman, S. T. (2010).
Polyphosphate in Trichodesmium from the low-phosphorus Sargasso Sea. Limnology and
Oceanography, 55(5), 2161–2169.
Paerl, H. W. (1985). Microzone formation: Its role in the enhancement of aquatic N 2 fixation.
Limnology and Oceanography, 30, 1246–1252.
6 Factors Controlling N 2 Fixation