References
1. Arranz E, Corredig M, Guri A (2016) Designing food delivery systems: challenges related to
the in vitro methods employed to determine
the fate of bioactives in the gut. Food Funct
7:3319–3336
2. Minekus M, Alminger M, Alvito P, Balance S,
Bohn T, Bourlieu C, Carriere F, Boutrou R,
Corredig M, Dupont D, Dufour C, Egger L,
Golding M, Karakaya S, Kirkhus B, Le
Feunteun S, Lesmes U, Macierzanka A,
Mackie A, Marze S, McClements DJ,
Me ´nard O, Recio I, Santos CN, Singh RP,
Vegarud GE, Wickham MSJ, Weitschies W,
Brodkorb A (2014) A standardized static
in vitro digestion method suitable for food—
an international consensus. Food Funct
5:113–1124
3. Bohn T, McDougall GJ, Alegrı ´a A,
Alminger M, Arrigoni E, Aura AM, Brito C,
Cilla A, El SN, Karakaya S, Martı ´nez-Cuesta
MC, Santos CN (2015) Mind the gap-deficits
around our knowledge on aspects impacting
bioavailability of phytochemicals and their
metabolites.
Mol
Nutr
Food
Res
59:1307–1323
4. Desmarcherlier C, Borel P (2017) Overview of
carotenoid bioavailability determinants: from
dietary factors to host genetic variations.
Trends Food Sci Nutr 69:270–280
5. Levi CS, Alvito P, Andre ´s A, Assuncao R,
Barbera ´ R, Blanquet-Diot S, Bourlieu C,
Brodkorb A, Cilla A, Deglaire A, Denis S,
Dupont D, Heredia A, Karakaya S, Giosafatto
CVL, Mariniello L, Martins C, Me ´nard O, El
SN, Vegarud GE, Ulleberg E, Lesmes U
(2017) Extending in vitro digestion models to
specific human populations: perspectives, practical tools and bio-relevant information. Trends
Food Sci Technol 60:52–63
6. de Oliveira SC, Deglaire AM, Me ´nard O,
Bellanger A, Rousseau F (2016) Holder pasteurization impacts the proteolysis, lipolysis
and disintegration of human milk under
in vitro dynamic term newborn digestion.
Food Res Int 88:263–275
7. Garrett DA, Failla ML, Sarama RJ (1999)
Development of an in vitro digestion method
to assess carotenoid bioavailability from meals.
J Agric Food Chem 47:4301–4309
8. Reboul E, Richelle M, Perrot E, DesmoulinsMalezet C, Pirisi V, Borel P (2006)
Bioaccessibility of carotenoids and vitamin E
from their main dietary sources. J Agric Food
Chem 54:8749–8755
9. Pe ´rez-Ga ´lvez A (2019) In vitro digestion protocols. The benchmark for estimation of in vivo
data. In: Mercadante A (ed) Carotenoid esters
in foods. Royal Society of Chemistry, London.
(in press)
10. U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center
for Drug Evaluation and Research (2002).
Guidance for industry: food-effect bioavailability and fed bioequivalence studies. Office of
Training and Communications, Division of
Drug Information HFD-240 Rockville Maryland 20857
11. Food and agriculture organization of the
United Nations/World Health Organization/
United Nations University (2011) Human
energy requirements
12. Joint WHO/FAO Expert Consultation on
Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic
Diseases (2002). Diet, Nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases: report of a joint
WHO/FAO expert consultation WHO technical report series 916
13. Mataix-Verdu ´ J (ed) (2011) Tabla de composicio ´ n de alimentos. Granada, EUG
14. O’Neill ME, Carroll Y, Corridan B,
Olmedilla B, Granado F, Blanco I, van den
Berg H, Hiniger I, Rousell AM, Chopra M,
Southon S, Thurnham DI (2001) A European
carotenoid database to assess carotenoid
intakes and its use in a five-country comparative
study. Br J Nutr 85:499–507
15. Rı ´os JJ, Xavier AAO, Dı ´az-Salido E, ArenillaVe ´lez I, Jare ´n-Gala ´n M, Garrido-Ferna ´ndez J,
Aguayo-Maldonado J, Pe ´rez-Ga ´lvez A (2017)
Xanthophyll esters are found in human colostrum. Mol Nutr Food Res 61:1700296
16. Britton G, Liaaen-Jensen S, Pfander H (eds)
(1995) carotenoids. Volume 1A: isolation and
analysis. Birkh€ auser Verlag. Baseline
17. Pe ´rez-Ga ´lvez A, Sa ´nchez-Garcı ´a A, GarridoFerna ´ndez J, Rı ´os JJ (2018) MS tools for a
systematic approach in survey for carotenoids
and their common metabolites. Arch Biochem
Biophys 650:85–92
18. Burger W, Burger MJ (eds) (2010) Digital
image processing: an algorithmic introduction
using java. Springer, Berlin
386
Antonio Pe ´ rez-Ga ´ lvez and Javier Fontecha
1. Arranz E, Corredig M, Guri A (2016) Designing food delivery systems: challenges related to
the in vitro methods employed to determine
the fate of bioactives in the gut. Food Funct
7:3319–3336
2. Minekus M, Alminger M, Alvito P, Balance S,
Bohn T, Bourlieu C, Carriere F, Boutrou R,
Corredig M, Dupont D, Dufour C, Egger L,
Golding M, Karakaya S, Kirkhus B, Le
Feunteun S, Lesmes U, Macierzanka A,
Mackie A, Marze S, McClements DJ,
Me ´nard O, Recio I, Santos CN, Singh RP,
Vegarud GE, Wickham MSJ, Weitschies W,
Brodkorb A (2014) A standardized static
in vitro digestion method suitable for food—
an international consensus. Food Funct
5:113–1124
3. Bohn T, McDougall GJ, Alegrı ´a A,
Alminger M, Arrigoni E, Aura AM, Brito C,
Cilla A, El SN, Karakaya S, Martı ´nez-Cuesta
MC, Santos CN (2015) Mind the gap-deficits
around our knowledge on aspects impacting
bioavailability of phytochemicals and their
metabolites.
Mol
Nutr
Food
Res
59:1307–1323
4. Desmarcherlier C, Borel P (2017) Overview of
carotenoid bioavailability determinants: from
dietary factors to host genetic variations.
Trends Food Sci Nutr 69:270–280
5. Levi CS, Alvito P, Andre ´s A, Assuncao R,
Barbera ´ R, Blanquet-Diot S, Bourlieu C,
Brodkorb A, Cilla A, Deglaire A, Denis S,
Dupont D, Heredia A, Karakaya S, Giosafatto
CVL, Mariniello L, Martins C, Me ´nard O, El
SN, Vegarud GE, Ulleberg E, Lesmes U
(2017) Extending in vitro digestion models to
specific human populations: perspectives, practical tools and bio-relevant information. Trends
Food Sci Technol 60:52–63
6. de Oliveira SC, Deglaire AM, Me ´nard O,
Bellanger A, Rousseau F (2016) Holder pasteurization impacts the proteolysis, lipolysis
and disintegration of human milk under
in vitro dynamic term newborn digestion.
Food Res Int 88:263–275
7. Garrett DA, Failla ML, Sarama RJ (1999)
Development of an in vitro digestion method
to assess carotenoid bioavailability from meals.
J Agric Food Chem 47:4301–4309
8. Reboul E, Richelle M, Perrot E, DesmoulinsMalezet C, Pirisi V, Borel P (2006)
Bioaccessibility of carotenoids and vitamin E
from their main dietary sources. J Agric Food
Chem 54:8749–8755
9. Pe ´rez-Ga ´lvez A (2019) In vitro digestion protocols. The benchmark for estimation of in vivo
data. In: Mercadante A (ed) Carotenoid esters
in foods. Royal Society of Chemistry, London.
(in press)
10. U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center
for Drug Evaluation and Research (2002).
Guidance for industry: food-effect bioavailability and fed bioequivalence studies. Office of
Training and Communications, Division of
Drug Information HFD-240 Rockville Maryland 20857
11. Food and agriculture organization of the
United Nations/World Health Organization/
United Nations University (2011) Human
energy requirements
12. Joint WHO/FAO Expert Consultation on
Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic
Diseases (2002). Diet, Nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases: report of a joint
WHO/FAO expert consultation WHO technical report series 916
13. Mataix-Verdu ´ J (ed) (2011) Tabla de composicio ´ n de alimentos. Granada, EUG
14. O’Neill ME, Carroll Y, Corridan B,
Olmedilla B, Granado F, Blanco I, van den
Berg H, Hiniger I, Rousell AM, Chopra M,
Southon S, Thurnham DI (2001) A European
carotenoid database to assess carotenoid
intakes and its use in a five-country comparative
study. Br J Nutr 85:499–507
15. Rı ´os JJ, Xavier AAO, Dı ´az-Salido E, ArenillaVe ´lez I, Jare ´n-Gala ´n M, Garrido-Ferna ´ndez J,
Aguayo-Maldonado J, Pe ´rez-Ga ´lvez A (2017)
Xanthophyll esters are found in human colostrum. Mol Nutr Food Res 61:1700296
16. Britton G, Liaaen-Jensen S, Pfander H (eds)
(1995) carotenoids. Volume 1A: isolation and
analysis. Birkh€ auser Verlag. Baseline
17. Pe ´rez-Ga ´lvez A, Sa ´nchez-Garcı ´a A, GarridoFerna ´ndez J, Rı ´os JJ (2018) MS tools for a
systematic approach in survey for carotenoids
and their common metabolites. Arch Biochem
Biophys 650:85–92
18. Burger W, Burger MJ (eds) (2010) Digital
image processing: an algorithmic introduction
using java. Springer, Berlin
386
Antonio Pe ´ rez-Ga ´ lvez and Javier Fontecha