Acknowledgments
This work was supported by grants AGL2015-64990-C2-1-R and
BIO2017-90877-REDT from the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) and 201640I040 from CSIC.
References
1. Barea JM, Pozo MJ, Azcon R, Azcon-Aguilar
C (2005) Microbial co-operation in the rhizosphere. J Exp Bot 56:1761–1778
2. Gianinazzi S et al (2010) Agroecology: the key
role of arbuscular mycorrhizas in ecosystem
services. Mycorrhiza 20:519–530
3. Tkacz A, Poole P (2015) Role of root microbiota in plant productivity. J Exp Bot
66:2167–2175
4. Pozo MJ, Lo ´pez-Ra ´ez JA, Azco ´n C, Garcı ´aGarrido JM (2015) Phytohormones as integrators of environmental signals in the regulation
of mycorrhizal symbioses. New Phytol
205:1431–1436
5. Duhamel M, Vandenkoornhuyse P (2013) Sustainable agriculture: possible trajectories from
mutualistic symbiosis and plant neodomestication. Trends Plant Sci 18:597–600
6. Lo ´ pez-Ra ´ez JA et al (2015) Differential spatiotemporal expression of carotenoid cleavage
dioxygenases regulates apocarotenoid fluxes
during AM symbiosis. Plant Sci 230:59–69
7. Walter MH, Stauder R, Tissier A (2015) Evolution of root-specific carotenoid precursor
pathways for apocarotenoid signal biogenesis.
Plant Sci 233:1–10
8. Lo ´ pez-Ra ´ez JA, Shirasu K, Foo E (2017) Strigolactones in plant interactions with beneficial
and detrimental organisms: the yin and yang.
Trends Plant Sci 22:527–537
9. Waters MT, Gutjahr C, Bennett T, Nelson DC
(2017) Strigolactone signaling and evolution.
Annu Rev Plant Biol 68:291–322
10. Wang M et al (2018) Blumenols as shoot markers of root symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Elife 7:pii: e37093
11. Giovannetti M, Mosse B (1980) Evaluation of
techniques for measuring vesicular arbuscular
mycorrhizal infection in roots. New Phytol 84
(3):489–500
12. Vierheilig H, Coughlan AP, Wyss U, Piche ´ Y
(1998) Ink and vinegar, a simple staining technique for arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi. Appl
Environ Microbiol 64:5004–5007
13. Fester T et al (2002) Stimulation of carotenoid
metabolism in arbuscular mycorrhizal roots.
Planta 216:148–154
AM Symbiosis Quantification
299
This work was supported by grants AGL2015-64990-C2-1-R and
BIO2017-90877-REDT from the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) and 201640I040 from CSIC.
References
1. Barea JM, Pozo MJ, Azcon R, Azcon-Aguilar
C (2005) Microbial co-operation in the rhizosphere. J Exp Bot 56:1761–1778
2. Gianinazzi S et al (2010) Agroecology: the key
role of arbuscular mycorrhizas in ecosystem
services. Mycorrhiza 20:519–530
3. Tkacz A, Poole P (2015) Role of root microbiota in plant productivity. J Exp Bot
66:2167–2175
4. Pozo MJ, Lo ´pez-Ra ´ez JA, Azco ´n C, Garcı ´aGarrido JM (2015) Phytohormones as integrators of environmental signals in the regulation
of mycorrhizal symbioses. New Phytol
205:1431–1436
5. Duhamel M, Vandenkoornhuyse P (2013) Sustainable agriculture: possible trajectories from
mutualistic symbiosis and plant neodomestication. Trends Plant Sci 18:597–600
6. Lo ´ pez-Ra ´ez JA et al (2015) Differential spatiotemporal expression of carotenoid cleavage
dioxygenases regulates apocarotenoid fluxes
during AM symbiosis. Plant Sci 230:59–69
7. Walter MH, Stauder R, Tissier A (2015) Evolution of root-specific carotenoid precursor
pathways for apocarotenoid signal biogenesis.
Plant Sci 233:1–10
8. Lo ´ pez-Ra ´ez JA, Shirasu K, Foo E (2017) Strigolactones in plant interactions with beneficial
and detrimental organisms: the yin and yang.
Trends Plant Sci 22:527–537
9. Waters MT, Gutjahr C, Bennett T, Nelson DC
(2017) Strigolactone signaling and evolution.
Annu Rev Plant Biol 68:291–322
10. Wang M et al (2018) Blumenols as shoot markers of root symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Elife 7:pii: e37093
11. Giovannetti M, Mosse B (1980) Evaluation of
techniques for measuring vesicular arbuscular
mycorrhizal infection in roots. New Phytol 84
(3):489–500
12. Vierheilig H, Coughlan AP, Wyss U, Piche ´ Y
(1998) Ink and vinegar, a simple staining technique for arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi. Appl
Environ Microbiol 64:5004–5007
13. Fester T et al (2002) Stimulation of carotenoid
metabolism in arbuscular mycorrhizal roots.
Planta 216:148–154
AM Symbiosis Quantification
299