accessions. J Agric Food Chem 55
(10):4244–4251. https://doi.org/10.1021/
jf070342p
11. Delgado-Pelayo R, Gallardo-Guerrero L, Hornero-Me ´ndez D (2014) Chlorophyll and
carotenoid pigments in the peel and flesh of
commercial apple fruit varieties. Food Res Int
65:272–281.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
foodres.2014.03.025
12. Delgado-Pelayo R, Gallardo-Guerrero L, Hornero-Me ´ndez D (2016) Carotenoid composition of strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.)
fruits. Food Chem 199:165–175. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.11.135
13. Delgado-Pelayo R, Hornero-Me ´ndez D
(2012) Identification and quantitative analysis
of carotenoids and their esters from sarsaparilla
(Smilax aspera L.) berries. J Agric Food Chem
60(33):8225–8232.
https://doi.org/10.
1021/jf302719g
14. Fernandez-Orozco R, Gallardo-Guerrero L,
Hornero-Me ´ndez D (2013) Carotenoid
profiling in tubers of different potato (Solanum
sp) cultivars: accumulation of carotenoids
mediated by xanthophyll esterification. Food
Chem 141(3):2864–2872. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.05.016
15. Hornero-Me ´ndez D, Mı ´nguez-Mosquera MI
(2000) Xanthophyll esterification accompanying carotenoid overaccumulation in chromoplast of Capsicum annuum ripening fruits is a
constitutive process and useful for ripeness
index. J Agric Food Chem 48(5):1617–1622.
https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9912046
16. Hornero-Me ´ndez D, Mı ´nguez-Mosquera MI
(2000) Carotenoid pigments in rosa mosqueta
hips, an alternative carotenoid source for foods.
J Agric Food Chem 48(3):825–828. https://
doi.org/10.1021/jf991136n
17. Mellado-Ortega E, Hornero-Me ´ndez D
(2015) Carotenoid profiling of Hordeum chilense grains: the parental proof for the origin of
the high carotenoid content and esterification
pattern of tritordeum. J Cereal Sci 62:15–21.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2014.12.005
18. Mellado-Ortega E, Hornero-Me ´ndez D
(2012) Isolation and identification of lutein
esters, including their regioisomers, in tritordeum (xTritordeum Ascherson et Graebner)
grains: evidence for a preferential xanthophyll
acyltransferase activity. Food Chem 135
(3):1344–1352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
foodchem.2012.05.046
19. Mattera MG, Hornero-Me ´ndez D, Atienza SG
(2017) Lutein ester profile in wheat and tritordeum can be modulated by temperature: evidences for regioselectivity and fatty acid
preferential of enzymes encoded by genes on
chromosomes 7D and 7H(ch). Food Chem
219:199–206.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
foodchem.2016.09.133
20. Boudries H, Kefalas P, Hornero-Me ´ndez D
(2007) Carotenoid composition of Algerian
date varieties (Phoenix dactylifera) at different
edible maturation stages. Food Chem 101
(4):1372–1377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
foodchem.2006.03.043
21. Avalos J, Pardo-Medina J, Parra-Rivero O,
Ruger-Herreros M, Rodriguez-Ortiz R,
Hornero-Mendez D, Limon MC (2017)
Carotenoid biosynthesis in fusarium. J Fungi
(Basel) 3(3):39. https://doi.org/10.3390/
jof3030039
22. Garrido-Fernandez J, Maldonado-Barragan A,
Caballero-Guerrero B, Hornero-Mendez D,
Ruiz-Barba JL (2010) Carotenoid production
in lactobacillus plantarum. Int J Food Microbiol
140(1):34–39.
https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.02.015
23. Hornero-Mendez D, Cerrillo I, Ortega A,
Rodriguez-Grinolo MR, Escudero-Lopez B,
Martin F, Fernandez-Pachon MS (2018)
Beta-Cryptoxanthin is more bioavailable in
humans from fermented orange juice than
from orange juice. Food Chem 262:215–220.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.
04.083
24. Negro JJ, Grande JM, Tella JL, Garrido J,
Hornero D, Dona ´zar JA, Sanchez-Zapata JA,
BenI ´ tez JR, Barcell M (2002) An unusual
source of essential carotenoids. Nature
416:807. https://doi.org/10.1038/416807a
25. Blanco G, Hornero-Mendez D, Lambertucci
SA, Bautista LM, Wiemeyer G, Sanchez-Zapata
JA, Garrido-Fernandez J, Hiraldo F, Donazar
JA (2013) Need and seek for dietary micronutrients: endogenous regulation, external signalling and food sources of carotenoids in new
world vultures. PLoS One 8(6):e65562.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.
0065562
26. Britton G (1995) UV/visible spectroscopy. In:
Britton G, Liaaen–Jensen S, Pfander H (eds)
Carotenoids, Spectroscopy, vol 1B. Birkh€ auser
Verlag, Basel, Switzerland, pp 13–62
27. Mı ´nguez-Mosquera MI, Hornero-Me ´ndez D,
Pe ´rez-Ga ´lvez A (2002) Carotenoids and provitamin a in functional foods. In: Hurst WJ
(ed) Methods of analysis for functional foods
and nutraceuticals. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp
101–157
28. Kimura M, Rodriguez-Amaya DB (2002) A
scheme for obtaining standards and HPLC
quantification of leafy vegetable carotenoids.
Food Chem 78(3):389–398. https://doi.org/
10.1016/S0308-8146(02)00203-0
HPLC Analysis of Carotenoids
133
(10):4244–4251. https://doi.org/10.1021/
jf070342p
11. Delgado-Pelayo R, Gallardo-Guerrero L, Hornero-Me ´ndez D (2014) Chlorophyll and
carotenoid pigments in the peel and flesh of
commercial apple fruit varieties. Food Res Int
65:272–281.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
foodres.2014.03.025
12. Delgado-Pelayo R, Gallardo-Guerrero L, Hornero-Me ´ndez D (2016) Carotenoid composition of strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.)
fruits. Food Chem 199:165–175. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.11.135
13. Delgado-Pelayo R, Hornero-Me ´ndez D
(2012) Identification and quantitative analysis
of carotenoids and their esters from sarsaparilla
(Smilax aspera L.) berries. J Agric Food Chem
60(33):8225–8232.
https://doi.org/10.
1021/jf302719g
14. Fernandez-Orozco R, Gallardo-Guerrero L,
Hornero-Me ´ndez D (2013) Carotenoid
profiling in tubers of different potato (Solanum
sp) cultivars: accumulation of carotenoids
mediated by xanthophyll esterification. Food
Chem 141(3):2864–2872. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.05.016
15. Hornero-Me ´ndez D, Mı ´nguez-Mosquera MI
(2000) Xanthophyll esterification accompanying carotenoid overaccumulation in chromoplast of Capsicum annuum ripening fruits is a
constitutive process and useful for ripeness
index. J Agric Food Chem 48(5):1617–1622.
https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9912046
16. Hornero-Me ´ndez D, Mı ´nguez-Mosquera MI
(2000) Carotenoid pigments in rosa mosqueta
hips, an alternative carotenoid source for foods.
J Agric Food Chem 48(3):825–828. https://
doi.org/10.1021/jf991136n
17. Mellado-Ortega E, Hornero-Me ´ndez D
(2015) Carotenoid profiling of Hordeum chilense grains: the parental proof for the origin of
the high carotenoid content and esterification
pattern of tritordeum. J Cereal Sci 62:15–21.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2014.12.005
18. Mellado-Ortega E, Hornero-Me ´ndez D
(2012) Isolation and identification of lutein
esters, including their regioisomers, in tritordeum (xTritordeum Ascherson et Graebner)
grains: evidence for a preferential xanthophyll
acyltransferase activity. Food Chem 135
(3):1344–1352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
foodchem.2012.05.046
19. Mattera MG, Hornero-Me ´ndez D, Atienza SG
(2017) Lutein ester profile in wheat and tritordeum can be modulated by temperature: evidences for regioselectivity and fatty acid
preferential of enzymes encoded by genes on
chromosomes 7D and 7H(ch). Food Chem
219:199–206.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
foodchem.2016.09.133
20. Boudries H, Kefalas P, Hornero-Me ´ndez D
(2007) Carotenoid composition of Algerian
date varieties (Phoenix dactylifera) at different
edible maturation stages. Food Chem 101
(4):1372–1377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
foodchem.2006.03.043
21. Avalos J, Pardo-Medina J, Parra-Rivero O,
Ruger-Herreros M, Rodriguez-Ortiz R,
Hornero-Mendez D, Limon MC (2017)
Carotenoid biosynthesis in fusarium. J Fungi
(Basel) 3(3):39. https://doi.org/10.3390/
jof3030039
22. Garrido-Fernandez J, Maldonado-Barragan A,
Caballero-Guerrero B, Hornero-Mendez D,
Ruiz-Barba JL (2010) Carotenoid production
in lactobacillus plantarum. Int J Food Microbiol
140(1):34–39.
https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.02.015
23. Hornero-Mendez D, Cerrillo I, Ortega A,
Rodriguez-Grinolo MR, Escudero-Lopez B,
Martin F, Fernandez-Pachon MS (2018)
Beta-Cryptoxanthin is more bioavailable in
humans from fermented orange juice than
from orange juice. Food Chem 262:215–220.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.
04.083
24. Negro JJ, Grande JM, Tella JL, Garrido J,
Hornero D, Dona ´zar JA, Sanchez-Zapata JA,
BenI ´ tez JR, Barcell M (2002) An unusual
source of essential carotenoids. Nature
416:807. https://doi.org/10.1038/416807a
25. Blanco G, Hornero-Mendez D, Lambertucci
SA, Bautista LM, Wiemeyer G, Sanchez-Zapata
JA, Garrido-Fernandez J, Hiraldo F, Donazar
JA (2013) Need and seek for dietary micronutrients: endogenous regulation, external signalling and food sources of carotenoids in new
world vultures. PLoS One 8(6):e65562.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.
0065562
26. Britton G (1995) UV/visible spectroscopy. In:
Britton G, Liaaen–Jensen S, Pfander H (eds)
Carotenoids, Spectroscopy, vol 1B. Birkh€ auser
Verlag, Basel, Switzerland, pp 13–62
27. Mı ´nguez-Mosquera MI, Hornero-Me ´ndez D,
Pe ´rez-Ga ´lvez A (2002) Carotenoids and provitamin a in functional foods. In: Hurst WJ
(ed) Methods of analysis for functional foods
and nutraceuticals. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp
101–157
28. Kimura M, Rodriguez-Amaya DB (2002) A
scheme for obtaining standards and HPLC
quantification of leafy vegetable carotenoids.
Food Chem 78(3):389–398. https://doi.org/
10.1016/S0308-8146(02)00203-0
HPLC Analysis of Carotenoids
133