Application of Microbial-Synthesized Nanoparticles …
405
cells (T47D) were performed using biosynthesized AgNPs and cell extract from A.
flos-aquae. Among the trials, upon application of concentration of 100 µg/mL of
both AgNPs and cell extract, cancer cells inhibition was significantly pronounced
and a final cellular viability of 8.64 and 29% was encountered, for the respective
cases.
The anticancer property is commonly related to the release of silver ions inside the
living cells by that reactive oxygen species are generated causing oxidative damage to
biomolecules such as proteins, DNA, and lipids, thus resulting in cell death associated
with physiological oxidative stress (AbdalDayem et al. 2017). Therefore, the usage
of several types of nanoparticles may play a guideline role in scientific advances.
The application varies in accordance to the metal of their composition, whereas
the efficacy is extensively correlated to the morphological properties of each of the
nanoparticles. Overall, along with ceaseless efforts and bacteria mediation ability as
a key factor for providing reductant agents, nanoparticles represent a valuable tool
and a promising strategy for realistic society problem resolution by the means of an
ecological and economically attractive production.
3 Applications of Nanoparticles in Food Industries
Nanomaterials can be effectively used for different applications in food industries,
but among them they have been found to play important roles in food processing and
food packaging.
3.1 Food Processing
Food additives are substances that are added to foods to maintain or modify their
taste, improve their appearance, aroma, or prolong their shelf life. These substances
act as antioxidants, coloring materials, and emulsifiers, as well as flavoring, foaming,
gelling, and humectant agents. They also act as food preservatives and sweeteners
(Kumar et al. 2019). These substances must conform to guidelines set by regulatory
agencies like FDA in the US and EUPHA in European countries, as some of them
have considerable side effects in both animal and human health.
The employment of nanoparticles in the food industry is relatively new when
compared to other areas, such as pharmaceutical, medical, and technological industries. Even though, the utilization of nanoparticles is presented in several food types,
like beverages, cereals, milk powder, and sausages, promoting the general food
appearance, while they also improve the texture, taste, and other sensorial attributes,
such as absorption and bioavailability of nutrients (Huang et al. 2010; CarrilloInungaray et al. 2018). Some metal oxides chemicals like silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ),
magnesium oxide (MgO), and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) are permitted by the US
FDA as an anti-caking agent, food flavor carrier, and food color additives (He et al.
405
cells (T47D) were performed using biosynthesized AgNPs and cell extract from A.
flos-aquae. Among the trials, upon application of concentration of 100 µg/mL of
both AgNPs and cell extract, cancer cells inhibition was significantly pronounced
and a final cellular viability of 8.64 and 29% was encountered, for the respective
cases.
The anticancer property is commonly related to the release of silver ions inside the
living cells by that reactive oxygen species are generated causing oxidative damage to
biomolecules such as proteins, DNA, and lipids, thus resulting in cell death associated
with physiological oxidative stress (AbdalDayem et al. 2017). Therefore, the usage
of several types of nanoparticles may play a guideline role in scientific advances.
The application varies in accordance to the metal of their composition, whereas
the efficacy is extensively correlated to the morphological properties of each of the
nanoparticles. Overall, along with ceaseless efforts and bacteria mediation ability as
a key factor for providing reductant agents, nanoparticles represent a valuable tool
and a promising strategy for realistic society problem resolution by the means of an
ecological and economically attractive production.
3 Applications of Nanoparticles in Food Industries
Nanomaterials can be effectively used for different applications in food industries,
but among them they have been found to play important roles in food processing and
food packaging.
3.1 Food Processing
Food additives are substances that are added to foods to maintain or modify their
taste, improve their appearance, aroma, or prolong their shelf life. These substances
act as antioxidants, coloring materials, and emulsifiers, as well as flavoring, foaming,
gelling, and humectant agents. They also act as food preservatives and sweeteners
(Kumar et al. 2019). These substances must conform to guidelines set by regulatory
agencies like FDA in the US and EUPHA in European countries, as some of them
have considerable side effects in both animal and human health.
The employment of nanoparticles in the food industry is relatively new when
compared to other areas, such as pharmaceutical, medical, and technological industries. Even though, the utilization of nanoparticles is presented in several food types,
like beverages, cereals, milk powder, and sausages, promoting the general food
appearance, while they also improve the texture, taste, and other sensorial attributes,
such as absorption and bioavailability of nutrients (Huang et al. 2010; CarrilloInungaray et al. 2018). Some metal oxides chemicals like silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ),
magnesium oxide (MgO), and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) are permitted by the US
FDA as an anti-caking agent, food flavor carrier, and food color additives (He et al.