Characterization Techniques
in Nanotechnology: The State of the Art
T. B. Asafa, O. Adedokun, and T. T. Dele-Afolabi
1 Spectroscopy
Spectroscopy is the branch of science that deals with the examination and quantification of spectra generated when matters interact with or release electromagnetic
radiation. Different types of interaction such as absorption, scattering, and reflection occur due to the different wavelengths of electromagnetic wave used. Hence,
salient information can be deduced from different spectra. Here, we present briefly
the spectroscopy techniques that are most pertinent in the study of nanomaterials and
nanoparticles characteristics.
1.1 UV-vis Absorption Spectroscopy
Ultraviolet visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy or absorption spectroscopy or reflectance
spectroscopy is a quantitative analysis technique commonly employed to characterize both nanomaterials. It involves measurement of attenuation of UV-vis light
beam after moving through a sample or reflecting from a sample surface (Slater
1994). The instrument employed in UV-vis spectroscopy is referred to as a UV-vis
T. B. Asafa (B) · T. T. Dele-Afolabi
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 4000,
Ogbomoso, Nigeria
e-mail: tbasafa@lautech.edu.ng
O. Adedokun
Department of Physics, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 4000, Ogbomoso,
Nigeria
T. B. Asafa · O. Adedokun
Nanotechnology Research Group, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 4000,
Ogbomoso, Nigeria
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
A. Lateef et al. (eds.), Microbial Nanobiotechnology, Materials Horizons: From Nature
to Nanomaterials, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4777-9_2
21
in Nanotechnology: The State of the Art
T. B. Asafa, O. Adedokun, and T. T. Dele-Afolabi
1 Spectroscopy
Spectroscopy is the branch of science that deals with the examination and quantification of spectra generated when matters interact with or release electromagnetic
radiation. Different types of interaction such as absorption, scattering, and reflection occur due to the different wavelengths of electromagnetic wave used. Hence,
salient information can be deduced from different spectra. Here, we present briefly
the spectroscopy techniques that are most pertinent in the study of nanomaterials and
nanoparticles characteristics.
1.1 UV-vis Absorption Spectroscopy
Ultraviolet visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy or absorption spectroscopy or reflectance
spectroscopy is a quantitative analysis technique commonly employed to characterize both nanomaterials. It involves measurement of attenuation of UV-vis light
beam after moving through a sample or reflecting from a sample surface (Slater
1994). The instrument employed in UV-vis spectroscopy is referred to as a UV-vis
T. B. Asafa (B) · T. T. Dele-Afolabi
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 4000,
Ogbomoso, Nigeria
e-mail: tbasafa@lautech.edu.ng
O. Adedokun
Department of Physics, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 4000, Ogbomoso,
Nigeria
T. B. Asafa · O. Adedokun
Nanotechnology Research Group, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 4000,
Ogbomoso, Nigeria
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
A. Lateef et al. (eds.), Microbial Nanobiotechnology, Materials Horizons: From Nature
to Nanomaterials, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4777-9_2
21