Microbial Nanobiotechnology: The Melting Pot …
3
Fig. 1 Basic branches of microbiology
epidemiology and is related to the study of disease pathology and immunology
(Mohamed et al. 2015; Sultan et al. 2016).
Pharmaceutical microbiology is the study of microorganisms that are related to
the production of antibiotics, enzymes, vitamins, vaccines and other pharmaceutical
products. Pharmaceutical microbiology also studies the causes of pharmaceutical
contamination and spoilage (Barakat et al. 2015; Darwesh et al. 2019c).
Industrial microbiology is the exploitation of microbes for use in industrial
processes. Examples include industrial fermentation and wastewater treatment. This
is closely linked to the biotechnology industry or white biotechnology. This field also
includes brewing which is an important application of microbiology (Emam et al.
2020).
Microbial biotechnology is the manipulation of microorganisms at the genetic
and molecular level to generate useful products, and generally relates to the
exploitation of microbes to render goods and services for mankind.
Food and dairy microbiology is the study of microorganisms causing food
spoilage and food-borne illnesses and their control. It also entails studying microorganisms that can produce foods, for example, by fermentation (Darwesh et al. 2018b;
3
Fig. 1 Basic branches of microbiology
epidemiology and is related to the study of disease pathology and immunology
(Mohamed et al. 2015; Sultan et al. 2016).
Pharmaceutical microbiology is the study of microorganisms that are related to
the production of antibiotics, enzymes, vitamins, vaccines and other pharmaceutical
products. Pharmaceutical microbiology also studies the causes of pharmaceutical
contamination and spoilage (Barakat et al. 2015; Darwesh et al. 2019c).
Industrial microbiology is the exploitation of microbes for use in industrial
processes. Examples include industrial fermentation and wastewater treatment. This
is closely linked to the biotechnology industry or white biotechnology. This field also
includes brewing which is an important application of microbiology (Emam et al.
2020).
Microbial biotechnology is the manipulation of microorganisms at the genetic
and molecular level to generate useful products, and generally relates to the
exploitation of microbes to render goods and services for mankind.
Food and dairy microbiology is the study of microorganisms causing food
spoilage and food-borne illnesses and their control. It also entails studying microorganisms that can produce foods, for example, by fermentation (Darwesh et al. 2018b;