150
13. Fan Z, Kapadia R, Leu PW, Zhang X, Chueh YL, Takei K, Yu K, Jamshidi A, Rathore AA,
Ruebusch DJ, Wu M (2010) Ordered arrays of dual-diameter nanopillars for maximized optical absorption. Nano Lett 10(10):3823–3827
14. Zhu J, Yu Z, Burkhard GF, Hsu CM, Connor ST, Xu Y, Wang Q, McGehee M, Fan S, Cui Y
(2008) Optical absorption enhancement in amorphous silicon nanowire and nanocone arrays.
Nano Lett 9(1):279–282
15. Wang B, Leu PW (2012) Enhanced absorption in silicon nanocone arrays for photovoltaics.
Nanotechnology 23(19):194003
16. Leung SF, Gu L, Zhang Q, Tsui KH, Shieh JM, Shen CH, Hsiao TH, Hsu CH, Lu L, Li D, Lin
Q (2014) Roll-to-roll fabrication of large scale and regular arrays of three-dimensional nanospikes for high efficiency and flexible photovoltaics. Sci Rep 4:4243
17. Deceglie MG, Ferry VE, Alivisatos AP, Atwater HA (2012) Design of nanostructured solar
cells using coupled optical and electrical modeling. Nano Lett 12:2894–2900
18. Deceglie MG, Ferry VE, Alivisatos AP, Atwater HA (2013) Accounting for localized defects
in the optoelectronic design of thin-film solar cells. IEEE J Photovolt 3:599–604
19. Green MA (2002) Lambertian light trapping in textured solar cells and light-emitting diodes:
analytical solutions. Prog Photovolt Res Appl 10:235–241
20. Yablonovitch E, Cody GD (1982) Intensity enhancement in textured optical sheets for solar
cells. IEEE Trans Electron Devices 29:300–305
21. Jeong S, McGehee MD, Cui Y (2013) All-back-contact ultra-thin silicon Nanocone solar cells
with 13.7% power conversion efficiency. Nat Commun 4:2950
22. Battaglia C, Boccard M, Haug FJ, Ballif C (2012) Light trapping in solar cells: when does a
Lambertian scatterer scatter Lambertianly? J Appl Phys 112(9):094504
23. Dominé D, Haug FJ, Battaglia C, Ballif C (2010) Modeling of light scattering from micro-and
nanotextured surfaces. J Appl Phys 107(4):044504
24. Boccard M, Cuony P, Battaglia C, Despeisse M, Ballif C (2010) Unlinking absorption and
haze in thin film silicon solar cells front electrodes. Phys Status Solidi (RRL) Rapid Res Lett
4(11):326–328
25. Fahr S, Kirchartz T, Rockstuhl C, Lederer F (2011) Approaching the Lambertian limit in randomly textured thin-film solar cells. Opt Express 19(104):A865–A874
26. Sakai H, Yoshida T, Hama T, Ichikawa Y (1990) Effects of surface morphology of transparent
electrode on the open-circuit voltage in a-Si: H solar cells. Jpn J Appl Phys 29(4R):630
27. Despeisse M, Battaglia C, Boccard M, Bugnon G, Charrière M, Cuony P, Hänni S, Löfgren L,
Meillaud F, Parascandolo G, Söderström T (2011) Optimization of thin film silicon solar cells
on highly textured substrates. Phys Status Solidi A 208(8):1863–1868
28. Hsu C, Battaglia C, Pahud C, Ruan Z, Haug F, Fan S, Ballif C, Cui Y (2012) High-efficiency
amorphous silicon solar cell on a periodic nanocone back reflector. Adv Energy Mater
2:628–633
29. Atwater HA, Polman A (2010) Plasmonics for improved photovoltaic devices. Nat Mater
9:205–213
30. Stuart HR, Hall DG (1998) Island size effects in nanoparticle-enhanced photodetectors. Appl
Phys Lett 73(26):3815–3817
31. Schaadt DM, Feng B, Yu ET (2005) Enhanced semiconductor optical absorption via surface
plasmon excitation in metal nanoparticles. Appl Phys Lett 86(6):063106
32. Catchpole KR, Polman A (2008) Design principles for particle plasmon enhanced solar cells.
Appl Phys Lett 93(19):191113
33. Tsui KH, Lin Q, Chou H, Zhang Q, Fu H, Qi P, Fan Z (2014) Low-cost, flexible, and selfcleaning 3D nanocone anti-reflection films for high-efficiency photovoltaics. Adv Mater
26(18):2805–2811
34. Xiao J, Xu L, Geng L, Tong L, Yang F, Xu J, Su W, Liu D, Yu Y, Ma Z, Chen K (2011)
Fabrication of highly ordered CuInSe2 films with hollow nanocones for anti-reflection. Appl
Surf Sci 257(24):10893–10897
M. M. Tavakoli
13. Fan Z, Kapadia R, Leu PW, Zhang X, Chueh YL, Takei K, Yu K, Jamshidi A, Rathore AA,
Ruebusch DJ, Wu M (2010) Ordered arrays of dual-diameter nanopillars for maximized optical absorption. Nano Lett 10(10):3823–3827
14. Zhu J, Yu Z, Burkhard GF, Hsu CM, Connor ST, Xu Y, Wang Q, McGehee M, Fan S, Cui Y
(2008) Optical absorption enhancement in amorphous silicon nanowire and nanocone arrays.
Nano Lett 9(1):279–282
15. Wang B, Leu PW (2012) Enhanced absorption in silicon nanocone arrays for photovoltaics.
Nanotechnology 23(19):194003
16. Leung SF, Gu L, Zhang Q, Tsui KH, Shieh JM, Shen CH, Hsiao TH, Hsu CH, Lu L, Li D, Lin
Q (2014) Roll-to-roll fabrication of large scale and regular arrays of three-dimensional nanospikes for high efficiency and flexible photovoltaics. Sci Rep 4:4243
17. Deceglie MG, Ferry VE, Alivisatos AP, Atwater HA (2012) Design of nanostructured solar
cells using coupled optical and electrical modeling. Nano Lett 12:2894–2900
18. Deceglie MG, Ferry VE, Alivisatos AP, Atwater HA (2013) Accounting for localized defects
in the optoelectronic design of thin-film solar cells. IEEE J Photovolt 3:599–604
19. Green MA (2002) Lambertian light trapping in textured solar cells and light-emitting diodes:
analytical solutions. Prog Photovolt Res Appl 10:235–241
20. Yablonovitch E, Cody GD (1982) Intensity enhancement in textured optical sheets for solar
cells. IEEE Trans Electron Devices 29:300–305
21. Jeong S, McGehee MD, Cui Y (2013) All-back-contact ultra-thin silicon Nanocone solar cells
with 13.7% power conversion efficiency. Nat Commun 4:2950
22. Battaglia C, Boccard M, Haug FJ, Ballif C (2012) Light trapping in solar cells: when does a
Lambertian scatterer scatter Lambertianly? J Appl Phys 112(9):094504
23. Dominé D, Haug FJ, Battaglia C, Ballif C (2010) Modeling of light scattering from micro-and
nanotextured surfaces. J Appl Phys 107(4):044504
24. Boccard M, Cuony P, Battaglia C, Despeisse M, Ballif C (2010) Unlinking absorption and
haze in thin film silicon solar cells front electrodes. Phys Status Solidi (RRL) Rapid Res Lett
4(11):326–328
25. Fahr S, Kirchartz T, Rockstuhl C, Lederer F (2011) Approaching the Lambertian limit in randomly textured thin-film solar cells. Opt Express 19(104):A865–A874
26. Sakai H, Yoshida T, Hama T, Ichikawa Y (1990) Effects of surface morphology of transparent
electrode on the open-circuit voltage in a-Si: H solar cells. Jpn J Appl Phys 29(4R):630
27. Despeisse M, Battaglia C, Boccard M, Bugnon G, Charrière M, Cuony P, Hänni S, Löfgren L,
Meillaud F, Parascandolo G, Söderström T (2011) Optimization of thin film silicon solar cells
on highly textured substrates. Phys Status Solidi A 208(8):1863–1868
28. Hsu C, Battaglia C, Pahud C, Ruan Z, Haug F, Fan S, Ballif C, Cui Y (2012) High-efficiency
amorphous silicon solar cell on a periodic nanocone back reflector. Adv Energy Mater
2:628–633
29. Atwater HA, Polman A (2010) Plasmonics for improved photovoltaic devices. Nat Mater
9:205–213
30. Stuart HR, Hall DG (1998) Island size effects in nanoparticle-enhanced photodetectors. Appl
Phys Lett 73(26):3815–3817
31. Schaadt DM, Feng B, Yu ET (2005) Enhanced semiconductor optical absorption via surface
plasmon excitation in metal nanoparticles. Appl Phys Lett 86(6):063106
32. Catchpole KR, Polman A (2008) Design principles for particle plasmon enhanced solar cells.
Appl Phys Lett 93(19):191113
33. Tsui KH, Lin Q, Chou H, Zhang Q, Fu H, Qi P, Fan Z (2014) Low-cost, flexible, and selfcleaning 3D nanocone anti-reflection films for high-efficiency photovoltaics. Adv Mater
26(18):2805–2811
34. Xiao J, Xu L, Geng L, Tong L, Yang F, Xu J, Su W, Liu D, Yu Y, Ma Z, Chen K (2011)
Fabrication of highly ordered CuInSe2 films with hollow nanocones for anti-reflection. Appl
Surf Sci 257(24):10893–10897
M. M. Tavakoli