123
promise of advanced solutions. As the improvements in computing and electronics
continue, the development of compatible materials is attempting to keep up in this
cooperative relationship. The movement of ions is at the crux of the technology’s
growth and the corresponding electrolytes have reached the third stage of the maturation process—the solid stage. Polymer and nanomaterial designs are expanding
and now that nanomaterials can be made with advanced understanding and control,
they can be tailored to meet the needs of a specific device. With the arrival of MOFs
and the explosion in synthetic studies and methodologies available, the scientific
community now has modular platforms to experiment with. MOFs can be considered as a type of molecular Lego™, wherein functionalities can be included as
desired with the choice of metals, linkers, shapes, sizes, and porosity, and are proving to be more than just a curiosity, but rather functional candidates for modern
electronic components. Furthermore, the polymeric nature of MOFs, which are
ordered to provide well-characterized pores, but contain easily-accessed defect sites
that often continue throughout the matrix in low-density frameworks, provide a
guide to study and develop the mechanisms of ion transport to enable development
of even better materials in the future.
References
1. Cox PA (1987) The electronic structure and chemistry of solids. Oxford University Press,
New York
2. Hull S (2015) Solid electrolytes: materials, properties and applications.1st edn. Springer,
Dordrecht
3. Wang L, Han Y, Feng X, Zhou J, Qi P, Wang B (2016) Coord Chem Rev 307(2):361–381
4. Ueki T, Watanabe M (2008) Macromolecules 41:3739–3749
5. Umeyama D, Horike S, Inukai M, Kitagawa S, Am J (2013) Chem Soc 135(30):11345–11350
6. Croce F, Appetecchi GB, Persi L, Scrosati B (1998) Nature 394:456–458
7. Ramaswamy P, Wong NE, Shimizu GKH (2014) Chem Soc Rev 43:5913
8. Gadjourova Z, Andreev YG, Tunstall DP, Bruce PG (2001) Nature 412:520–523
9. Polymer Data Handbook, 2nd edition, ed. by J. E. Mark, Oxford University Press,
New York, 2009
10. Ye Y, Wu X, Yao Z, Wu L, Cai Z, Wang L, Ma X, Chen Q-H, Zhang Z, Xiang S (2016) J
Mater Chem A 4:4062–4070
11. Tong X, Zhang B, Fan Y, Chen Y (2017) ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 9(15):13491–13499
12. Scrosati B, Steinen G (1993) Applications of electroactive polymers. Springer, Dordrecht
13. Long L, Wang S, Xiao M, Meng Y (2016) J Mater Chem A 4:10038–10069
14. Batten SR, Champness NR, Chen X-M, Garcia-Martinez J, Kitagawa S, Öhrström L,
O’Keeffe M, Paik Suh M, Reedijk J (2013) Pure Appl Chem 85(8):1715–1724
15. Bauer CA, Jones SC, Kinnibrugh TL, Tongwa P, Farrell RA, Vakil A, Timofeeva TV,
Khrustalev VN, Allendorf MD (2014) Dalton Trans 43(7):2925–2935
16. Yaghi OM, O’Keeffe M, Ockwig NW, Chae HK, Eddaoudi M, Kim J (2003) Nature
423:705–714
17. Phan A, Doonan CJ, Uribe-Romo FJ, Knobler CB, O’Keefe M, Yaghi OM (2010) Acc Chem
Res 43(1):58–67
18. Bauer CA, Timofeeva TV, Settersten TB, Patterson BD, Liu VH, Simmons BA, Allendorf
MD (2007) J Am Chem Soc 129(22):7136–7144
Polymer Nanocomposites for Ion Transport
promise of advanced solutions. As the improvements in computing and electronics
continue, the development of compatible materials is attempting to keep up in this
cooperative relationship. The movement of ions is at the crux of the technology’s
growth and the corresponding electrolytes have reached the third stage of the maturation process—the solid stage. Polymer and nanomaterial designs are expanding
and now that nanomaterials can be made with advanced understanding and control,
they can be tailored to meet the needs of a specific device. With the arrival of MOFs
and the explosion in synthetic studies and methodologies available, the scientific
community now has modular platforms to experiment with. MOFs can be considered as a type of molecular Lego™, wherein functionalities can be included as
desired with the choice of metals, linkers, shapes, sizes, and porosity, and are proving to be more than just a curiosity, but rather functional candidates for modern
electronic components. Furthermore, the polymeric nature of MOFs, which are
ordered to provide well-characterized pores, but contain easily-accessed defect sites
that often continue throughout the matrix in low-density frameworks, provide a
guide to study and develop the mechanisms of ion transport to enable development
of even better materials in the future.
References
1. Cox PA (1987) The electronic structure and chemistry of solids. Oxford University Press,
New York
2. Hull S (2015) Solid electrolytes: materials, properties and applications.1st edn. Springer,
Dordrecht
3. Wang L, Han Y, Feng X, Zhou J, Qi P, Wang B (2016) Coord Chem Rev 307(2):361–381
4. Ueki T, Watanabe M (2008) Macromolecules 41:3739–3749
5. Umeyama D, Horike S, Inukai M, Kitagawa S, Am J (2013) Chem Soc 135(30):11345–11350
6. Croce F, Appetecchi GB, Persi L, Scrosati B (1998) Nature 394:456–458
7. Ramaswamy P, Wong NE, Shimizu GKH (2014) Chem Soc Rev 43:5913
8. Gadjourova Z, Andreev YG, Tunstall DP, Bruce PG (2001) Nature 412:520–523
9. Polymer Data Handbook, 2nd edition, ed. by J. E. Mark, Oxford University Press,
New York, 2009
10. Ye Y, Wu X, Yao Z, Wu L, Cai Z, Wang L, Ma X, Chen Q-H, Zhang Z, Xiang S (2016) J
Mater Chem A 4:4062–4070
11. Tong X, Zhang B, Fan Y, Chen Y (2017) ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 9(15):13491–13499
12. Scrosati B, Steinen G (1993) Applications of electroactive polymers. Springer, Dordrecht
13. Long L, Wang S, Xiao M, Meng Y (2016) J Mater Chem A 4:10038–10069
14. Batten SR, Champness NR, Chen X-M, Garcia-Martinez J, Kitagawa S, Öhrström L,
O’Keeffe M, Paik Suh M, Reedijk J (2013) Pure Appl Chem 85(8):1715–1724
15. Bauer CA, Jones SC, Kinnibrugh TL, Tongwa P, Farrell RA, Vakil A, Timofeeva TV,
Khrustalev VN, Allendorf MD (2014) Dalton Trans 43(7):2925–2935
16. Yaghi OM, O’Keeffe M, Ockwig NW, Chae HK, Eddaoudi M, Kim J (2003) Nature
423:705–714
17. Phan A, Doonan CJ, Uribe-Romo FJ, Knobler CB, O’Keefe M, Yaghi OM (2010) Acc Chem
Res 43(1):58–67
18. Bauer CA, Timofeeva TV, Settersten TB, Patterson BD, Liu VH, Simmons BA, Allendorf
MD (2007) J Am Chem Soc 129(22):7136–7144
Polymer Nanocomposites for Ion Transport