Sudhaik A, Raizada P, Shandilya P, Singh P (2018b) Magnetically recoverable graphitic carbon
nitride and NiFe 2 O 4 based magnetic photocatalyst for degradation of oxytetracycline antibiotic
in simulated wastewater under solar light. J Environ Chem Eng 6(4):3874–3883. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.jece.2018.05.039
Sudrajat H (2017) Reducing agent-free formation of Cu (I) nanoclusters on g-C 3 N 4 for enhanced
photocatalysis. J Alloys Compd 716:119–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.04.302
Sudrajat H (2018) A one-pot solid-state route for realizing highly visible light active Na-doped
g-C 3 N 4 photocatalysts. J Solid State Chem 257:26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2017.09.024
Sun S, Zhang X, Yang Q, Liang S, Zhang X, Yang Z (2018) Cuprous oxide (Cu 2 O) crystals with
tailored architectures: a comprehensive review on synthesis, fundamental properties, functional
modifications and applications. Prog Mater 96:111–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.
2018.03.006
Theerthagiri J, Senthil RA, Priya A, Madhavan J, Michael RJV, Ashok M (2014) Photocatalytic and
photoelectrochemical studies of visible-light active α-Fe 2 O 3 –g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposites. RSC
Adv 4(72):38222–38229. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4RA04266B
Tian Y, Chang B, Fu J, Zhou B, Liu J, Xi F, Dong X (2014) Graphitic carbon nitride/Cu 2 O
heterojunctions: preparation, characterization, and enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light. J Solid State Chem 212:1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2014.01.011
Wang X, Liu C, Zheng BJ, Jiang YQ, Zhang L, Xie Z (2013) Controlled synthesis of concave Cu 2 O
microcrystals enclosed by high-index facets and enhanced catalytic activity. J Mater Chem
1:282–287. https://doi.org/10.1039/C2TA00241H
Wang J, Li C, Cong J, Liu Z, Zhang H, Liang M, Yao J (2016a) Facile synthesis of nanorod-type
graphitic carbon nitride/Fe 2 O 3 composite with enhanced photocatalytic performance. J Solid
State Chem 238:246–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2016.03.042
Wang Y, Zheng M, Liu S, Wang Z (2016b) Size control and growth process study of Au@ Cu 2 O
particles. Nano Res Lett 11(1):390. https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-016-1603-6
Wang S, Liu M, He S, Zhang S, Lv X, Song H, Chen D (2018) Protonated carbon nitride induced
hierarchically ordered Fe 2 O 3 /HC 3 N 4 /rGO architecture with enhanced electrochemical sensing
of nitrite. Sensors Actuators B Chem 260:490–498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2018.01.073
Wang N, Han B, Wen J, Liu M, Li X (2019) Synthesis of novel Mn-doped Fe 2 O 3 nano-cube
supported g-C 3 N 4 photocatalyst for overall visible-light driven water splitting. Colloids Surf A
Physicochem Eng Asp 567:313–318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.01.053
Wirnhier E, Mesch M, Senker J, Schnick W (2013) Formation and characterization of melam,
melam hydrate, and a melam–melem adduct. Chem Eur J 19:2041–2049. https://doi.org/10.
1002/chem.201203340
Xi Q, Gao G, Jin M, Zhang Y, Zhou H, Wu C, Xu J (2019) Design of graphitic carbon nitride
supported Ag–Cu 2 O composites with hierarchical structures for enhanced photocatalytic properties. Appl Surf Sci 471:714–725. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.05.162
Xiong T, Cen W, Zhang Y, Dong F (2014) Bridging the g-C 3 N 4 interlayers for enhanced
photocatalysis. ACS Catal 6:2462–2472. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.5b02922
Xu L, Xia J, Xu H, Yin S, Wang K, Huang L, Li H (2014) Reactable ionic liquid assisted
solvothermal synthesis of graphite-like C 3 N 4 hybridized α-Fe 2 O 3 hollow microspheres with
enhanced super-capacitive performance. J Power Sources 245:866–874. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.jpowsour.2013.07.014
Yan X, Xu R, Guo J, Cai X, Chen D, Huang L, Tan S (2017) Enhanced photocatalytic activity of
heterojunction coupled with Cu 2 O/g-C 3 N 4 reduced graphene oxide three-dimensional aerogel
photocatalysis. Mater Res 96:18–27. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201304173
Yan S, Shi Y, Tao Y, Zhang H (2019) Enhanced persulfate-mediated photocatalytic oxidation of
bisphenol A using bioelectricity and a g-C 3 N 4 /Fe 2 O 3 heterojunction. Chem Eng 359:933–943.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2018.11.093
Yuan S, Cui P, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Huo L, Gao Y (2018) Popping of g-C 3 N 4 mixed with cupric
nitrate: facile synthesis of Cu-based catalyst for construction of CN bond. Green Energy
Environ 3(4):368–374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gee.2018.08.003
2 Carbon Nitride/Metal Oxide Hybrids for Visible Light Harvesting and Water. . .
77
nitride and NiFe 2 O 4 based magnetic photocatalyst for degradation of oxytetracycline antibiotic
in simulated wastewater under solar light. J Environ Chem Eng 6(4):3874–3883. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.jece.2018.05.039
Sudrajat H (2017) Reducing agent-free formation of Cu (I) nanoclusters on g-C 3 N 4 for enhanced
photocatalysis. J Alloys Compd 716:119–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.04.302
Sudrajat H (2018) A one-pot solid-state route for realizing highly visible light active Na-doped
g-C 3 N 4 photocatalysts. J Solid State Chem 257:26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2017.09.024
Sun S, Zhang X, Yang Q, Liang S, Zhang X, Yang Z (2018) Cuprous oxide (Cu 2 O) crystals with
tailored architectures: a comprehensive review on synthesis, fundamental properties, functional
modifications and applications. Prog Mater 96:111–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.
2018.03.006
Theerthagiri J, Senthil RA, Priya A, Madhavan J, Michael RJV, Ashok M (2014) Photocatalytic and
photoelectrochemical studies of visible-light active α-Fe 2 O 3 –g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposites. RSC
Adv 4(72):38222–38229. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4RA04266B
Tian Y, Chang B, Fu J, Zhou B, Liu J, Xi F, Dong X (2014) Graphitic carbon nitride/Cu 2 O
heterojunctions: preparation, characterization, and enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light. J Solid State Chem 212:1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2014.01.011
Wang X, Liu C, Zheng BJ, Jiang YQ, Zhang L, Xie Z (2013) Controlled synthesis of concave Cu 2 O
microcrystals enclosed by high-index facets and enhanced catalytic activity. J Mater Chem
1:282–287. https://doi.org/10.1039/C2TA00241H
Wang J, Li C, Cong J, Liu Z, Zhang H, Liang M, Yao J (2016a) Facile synthesis of nanorod-type
graphitic carbon nitride/Fe 2 O 3 composite with enhanced photocatalytic performance. J Solid
State Chem 238:246–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2016.03.042
Wang Y, Zheng M, Liu S, Wang Z (2016b) Size control and growth process study of Au@ Cu 2 O
particles. Nano Res Lett 11(1):390. https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-016-1603-6
Wang S, Liu M, He S, Zhang S, Lv X, Song H, Chen D (2018) Protonated carbon nitride induced
hierarchically ordered Fe 2 O 3 /HC 3 N 4 /rGO architecture with enhanced electrochemical sensing
of nitrite. Sensors Actuators B Chem 260:490–498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2018.01.073
Wang N, Han B, Wen J, Liu M, Li X (2019) Synthesis of novel Mn-doped Fe 2 O 3 nano-cube
supported g-C 3 N 4 photocatalyst for overall visible-light driven water splitting. Colloids Surf A
Physicochem Eng Asp 567:313–318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.01.053
Wirnhier E, Mesch M, Senker J, Schnick W (2013) Formation and characterization of melam,
melam hydrate, and a melam–melem adduct. Chem Eur J 19:2041–2049. https://doi.org/10.
1002/chem.201203340
Xi Q, Gao G, Jin M, Zhang Y, Zhou H, Wu C, Xu J (2019) Design of graphitic carbon nitride
supported Ag–Cu 2 O composites with hierarchical structures for enhanced photocatalytic properties. Appl Surf Sci 471:714–725. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.05.162
Xiong T, Cen W, Zhang Y, Dong F (2014) Bridging the g-C 3 N 4 interlayers for enhanced
photocatalysis. ACS Catal 6:2462–2472. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.5b02922
Xu L, Xia J, Xu H, Yin S, Wang K, Huang L, Li H (2014) Reactable ionic liquid assisted
solvothermal synthesis of graphite-like C 3 N 4 hybridized α-Fe 2 O 3 hollow microspheres with
enhanced super-capacitive performance. J Power Sources 245:866–874. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.jpowsour.2013.07.014
Yan X, Xu R, Guo J, Cai X, Chen D, Huang L, Tan S (2017) Enhanced photocatalytic activity of
heterojunction coupled with Cu 2 O/g-C 3 N 4 reduced graphene oxide three-dimensional aerogel
photocatalysis. Mater Res 96:18–27. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201304173
Yan S, Shi Y, Tao Y, Zhang H (2019) Enhanced persulfate-mediated photocatalytic oxidation of
bisphenol A using bioelectricity and a g-C 3 N 4 /Fe 2 O 3 heterojunction. Chem Eng 359:933–943.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2018.11.093
Yuan S, Cui P, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Huo L, Gao Y (2018) Popping of g-C 3 N 4 mixed with cupric
nitrate: facile synthesis of Cu-based catalyst for construction of CN bond. Green Energy
Environ 3(4):368–374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gee.2018.08.003
2 Carbon Nitride/Metal Oxide Hybrids for Visible Light Harvesting and Water. . .
77