Treatments of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products
The concentration of dopants is an important factor affecting removal efficiencies of
pharmaceuticals and personal care products. One example is ibuprofen removal over
transition metal-doped ZnO under solar light irradiation (Bhatia and Dhir 2016). The
concentration of transition metal dopant was varied from 0.25% to 1% by weight.
The 0.25 wt% Bi-doped TiO 2 exhibited the maximum removal efficiency, and the
removal efficiencies decreased with increasing Bi content. On the other hand, the
maximum removal efficiency over Ni-doped TiO 2 was observed at Ni content of
0.5 wt%, and the removal efficiencies decreased when Ni content was higher or
lower than 0.5 wt%. Consequently, the optimum content of dopants should be
considered case by case.
Treatments of Persistent Organic Pollutants
P-doped and Ag-doped TiO 2 photocatalysts for photocatalytic degradation of pnitrophenol under UV light (Bodson et al. 2016), copper-doped anatase/brookite
TiO 2 nanohybrids (Manga Raju et al. (2019), Fe-TiO 2 /Bent-Fe photocatalyst for
removal of diazinon pesticide (Phuong et al. 2019), degradation of paraoxon and
parathion pesticides on carbon-doped TiO 2 nanorod thin films (Rasoulnezhad et al.
2017), degradation of diazinon by iron-doped TiO 2 nanoparticles (Tabasideh et al.
2017), Pd-doped In 2 O 3 nanocomposites to degradation of atrazine (Aazam et al.
Table 1.9 (continued)
Modification
strategy
Photocatalyst
Organic pollutant
Reference
MFe 2 O 4 -Ag 2 O (M ¼ Zn,
Co, Ni)
CdS/reduced graphene
oxide
Methylene blue
Chen et al.
(2019a)
CeO 2 /sugarcane bagasse
Methylene blue
Channei et al.
(2017)
BiVO 4 -GO-PTFE
Remazol brilliant blue R
methylene blue Rhodamine B
Dowla et al.
(2017)
ZnO/PMMA
Methylene blue
Di Mauro et al.
(2017)
Poly(methyl methacrylate)-TiO 2
Methylene blue
Mirhoseini and
Salabat (2015)
Fe 2 O 3 -loaded activated
carbon fiber/polymer
Methylene blue
Kadirova et al.
(2017)
Photoelectrode Ag 2 Mn 8 O 16 nanocrystals/
TiO 2 nanotubes
Rhodamine B
Thabit et al.
(2018)
RuO 2 /TiO 2
photoelectrode
Reactive brilliant red X-3B
Fang et al. (2013)
1 Photocatalytic Remediation of Organic Pollutants in Water
33
The concentration of dopants is an important factor affecting removal efficiencies of
pharmaceuticals and personal care products. One example is ibuprofen removal over
transition metal-doped ZnO under solar light irradiation (Bhatia and Dhir 2016). The
concentration of transition metal dopant was varied from 0.25% to 1% by weight.
The 0.25 wt% Bi-doped TiO 2 exhibited the maximum removal efficiency, and the
removal efficiencies decreased with increasing Bi content. On the other hand, the
maximum removal efficiency over Ni-doped TiO 2 was observed at Ni content of
0.5 wt%, and the removal efficiencies decreased when Ni content was higher or
lower than 0.5 wt%. Consequently, the optimum content of dopants should be
considered case by case.
Treatments of Persistent Organic Pollutants
P-doped and Ag-doped TiO 2 photocatalysts for photocatalytic degradation of pnitrophenol under UV light (Bodson et al. 2016), copper-doped anatase/brookite
TiO 2 nanohybrids (Manga Raju et al. (2019), Fe-TiO 2 /Bent-Fe photocatalyst for
removal of diazinon pesticide (Phuong et al. 2019), degradation of paraoxon and
parathion pesticides on carbon-doped TiO 2 nanorod thin films (Rasoulnezhad et al.
2017), degradation of diazinon by iron-doped TiO 2 nanoparticles (Tabasideh et al.
2017), Pd-doped In 2 O 3 nanocomposites to degradation of atrazine (Aazam et al.
Table 1.9 (continued)
Modification
strategy
Photocatalyst
Organic pollutant
Reference
MFe 2 O 4 -Ag 2 O (M ¼ Zn,
Co, Ni)
CdS/reduced graphene
oxide
Methylene blue
Chen et al.
(2019a)
CeO 2 /sugarcane bagasse
Methylene blue
Channei et al.
(2017)
BiVO 4 -GO-PTFE
Remazol brilliant blue R
methylene blue Rhodamine B
Dowla et al.
(2017)
ZnO/PMMA
Methylene blue
Di Mauro et al.
(2017)
Poly(methyl methacrylate)-TiO 2
Methylene blue
Mirhoseini and
Salabat (2015)
Fe 2 O 3 -loaded activated
carbon fiber/polymer
Methylene blue
Kadirova et al.
(2017)
Photoelectrode Ag 2 Mn 8 O 16 nanocrystals/
TiO 2 nanotubes
Rhodamine B
Thabit et al.
(2018)
RuO 2 /TiO 2
photoelectrode
Reactive brilliant red X-3B
Fang et al. (2013)
1 Photocatalytic Remediation of Organic Pollutants in Water
33