4 Utilising Passive Design Strategies for Analysing Thermal …
55
maximum PMV and PPD respectively. However, it was observed that the comfort
indices and the optimal solutions obtained in the cases when individual techniques
were employed in the building were different from the optimal solution obtained
when these techniques were applied in conjunction with each other. The optimised
case resulted when cellulose foam wall insulation was applied with fiber glass roof
insulation of 40 mm thicknesses each, along with triple pane clear glass windows,
which caused the percentage improvements of 74.59% and 24.32% on the negative
and positive sides of the PMV scale respectively, while 45.89% improvement in the
PPD value. This shows the different behavior and interaction of these parameters
with the environment and their interdependency which led to a change in the final
result of the comfort indices. It has also been seen that the optimal solution on the
basis of the strategies undertaken in this study though improved the conditions as
compared to the base case, but were still not enough to completely transform the
indoor space into a comfortable environment. Thus, additional passive strategies can
be employed to bring the comfort indices within the ideal range, and hence maintain
a thermally comforting environment.
Acknowledgements Authors are thankful to Global Evolutionary Energy Design (GEED), New
Delhi, India, where the experimental work for this study was conducted.
References
02 Energy and Buildings (2014) New Delhi
Aryal P, Leephakpreeda T (2016) Effects of partition on thermal comfort, indoor air quality, energy
consumption, and perception in air-conditioned buildings. J Sol Energy Eng 138:051005. https://
doi.org/10.1115/1.4034072
ASHRAE (2010) ANSI/ASHRAE standard 55-2010, thermal environmental conditions for human
occupancy, 1st edn. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-conditioning Engineers,
Inc., Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Auliciems A, Szokolay SV (1997) Thermal comfort. PLEA in association with Department of
Architecture, University of Queensland
Azad AS, Rakshit D, Wan MP, Babu S, Sarvaiya JN, Kumar DEVSK, Zhang Z, Lamano AS,
Krishnasayee K, Gao CP, Valliappan S, Goh A, Seoh A (2018) Evaluation of thermal comfort
criteria of an active chilled beam system in tropical climate: a comparative study. Build Environ
145:196–212. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BUILDENV.2018.09.025
Berkovic S, Yezioro A, Bitan A (2012) Study of thermal comfort in courtyards in a hot arid climate.
Sol Energy 86:1173–1186. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SOLENER.2012.01.010
Calis G, Kuru M (2017) Assessing user thermal sensation in the Aegean region against standards.
Sustain Cities Soc 29:77–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCS.2016.11.013
Daghigh R, Adam N, Sopian K, Sahari B (2009) Thermal comfort of an air-conditioned office
through different windows-door opening arrangements. Build Serv Eng Res Technol 30:49–63.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0143624408099448
EQUA (2013) User manual, IDA indoor climate and energy, version 4.6. EQUA Simulation AB,
Sweden
Gadi MB (2010) Application of design and passive technologies for thermal comfort in buildings
in hot and tropical climates. Mater Energy Effic Therm Comf Build 681–708. https://doi.org/10.
1533/9781845699277.3.681
55
maximum PMV and PPD respectively. However, it was observed that the comfort
indices and the optimal solutions obtained in the cases when individual techniques
were employed in the building were different from the optimal solution obtained
when these techniques were applied in conjunction with each other. The optimised
case resulted when cellulose foam wall insulation was applied with fiber glass roof
insulation of 40 mm thicknesses each, along with triple pane clear glass windows,
which caused the percentage improvements of 74.59% and 24.32% on the negative
and positive sides of the PMV scale respectively, while 45.89% improvement in the
PPD value. This shows the different behavior and interaction of these parameters
with the environment and their interdependency which led to a change in the final
result of the comfort indices. It has also been seen that the optimal solution on the
basis of the strategies undertaken in this study though improved the conditions as
compared to the base case, but were still not enough to completely transform the
indoor space into a comfortable environment. Thus, additional passive strategies can
be employed to bring the comfort indices within the ideal range, and hence maintain
a thermally comforting environment.
Acknowledgements Authors are thankful to Global Evolutionary Energy Design (GEED), New
Delhi, India, where the experimental work for this study was conducted.
References
02 Energy and Buildings (2014) New Delhi
Aryal P, Leephakpreeda T (2016) Effects of partition on thermal comfort, indoor air quality, energy
consumption, and perception in air-conditioned buildings. J Sol Energy Eng 138:051005. https://
doi.org/10.1115/1.4034072
ASHRAE (2010) ANSI/ASHRAE standard 55-2010, thermal environmental conditions for human
occupancy, 1st edn. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-conditioning Engineers,
Inc., Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Auliciems A, Szokolay SV (1997) Thermal comfort. PLEA in association with Department of
Architecture, University of Queensland
Azad AS, Rakshit D, Wan MP, Babu S, Sarvaiya JN, Kumar DEVSK, Zhang Z, Lamano AS,
Krishnasayee K, Gao CP, Valliappan S, Goh A, Seoh A (2018) Evaluation of thermal comfort
criteria of an active chilled beam system in tropical climate: a comparative study. Build Environ
145:196–212. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BUILDENV.2018.09.025
Berkovic S, Yezioro A, Bitan A (2012) Study of thermal comfort in courtyards in a hot arid climate.
Sol Energy 86:1173–1186. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SOLENER.2012.01.010
Calis G, Kuru M (2017) Assessing user thermal sensation in the Aegean region against standards.
Sustain Cities Soc 29:77–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCS.2016.11.013
Daghigh R, Adam N, Sopian K, Sahari B (2009) Thermal comfort of an air-conditioned office
through different windows-door opening arrangements. Build Serv Eng Res Technol 30:49–63.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0143624408099448
EQUA (2013) User manual, IDA indoor climate and energy, version 4.6. EQUA Simulation AB,
Sweden
Gadi MB (2010) Application of design and passive technologies for thermal comfort in buildings
in hot and tropical climates. Mater Energy Effic Therm Comf Build 681–708. https://doi.org/10.
1533/9781845699277.3.681