seasons and monsoon phenomena for Indian sub-continent. The patterns of rainfall
vary greatly and accordingly the water availability across the country. The map
below depicts the average annual rainfall patterns over the country. As can be seen
that India has areas having highest rainfall in the world of the order of 15,000 mm
and also areas having hardly 500 mm rainfall in the entire hydrological year.
The precipitation patterns vary over the season as well as across the years.
Generally, it is observed that the precipitation occurs in the form of episodes
separated by different random time intervals. This is due to essential convection
patterns of the atmosphere which are governed by the monsoon phenomena. This
leads to droughts and floods in the affected areas. It is, therefore, necessary to
understand the patterns of the precipitation for any water management planning.
Generally, it is observed that the seasonal precipitation fluctuates randomly around
a mean value established over long period of observations. This provides a
dependable value providing an estimate of the chance of a specific precipitation value
occurring over a time slot. However, for this purpose, it is necessary that the rainfall
observations are collected over a long period of time which can take into account the
variations in the atmospheric processes which may have very long cycles.
134
A. B. Pandya
vary greatly and accordingly the water availability across the country. The map
below depicts the average annual rainfall patterns over the country. As can be seen
that India has areas having highest rainfall in the world of the order of 15,000 mm
and also areas having hardly 500 mm rainfall in the entire hydrological year.
The precipitation patterns vary over the season as well as across the years.
Generally, it is observed that the precipitation occurs in the form of episodes
separated by different random time intervals. This is due to essential convection
patterns of the atmosphere which are governed by the monsoon phenomena. This
leads to droughts and floods in the affected areas. It is, therefore, necessary to
understand the patterns of the precipitation for any water management planning.
Generally, it is observed that the seasonal precipitation fluctuates randomly around
a mean value established over long period of observations. This provides a
dependable value providing an estimate of the chance of a specific precipitation value
occurring over a time slot. However, for this purpose, it is necessary that the rainfall
observations are collected over a long period of time which can take into account the
variations in the atmospheric processes which may have very long cycles.
134
A. B. Pandya