consumer electronics), countries have increased their competitiveness because they
were able to obtain prompt information about demand trends or price movements,
due to close and rapid links between the foreign markets and local production.
Service industries such as banking, trading, retailing, transportation, maintenance, and insurance can equally benefit when high speed information and realtime communication are available throughout the production process. Several countries have increased their competitiveness through a reduction of their service costs,
thus entailing a higher efficiency of their financial markets and their economic
system are reduced through shorter time.
As shown above, all activities (agriculture, industry, trade and commerce)
become more productive. A few decades ago, communication between two persons
A and B consisted in person A writing a letter to person B, who after receiving it
1 week later would reply to person A through the same postal service. Telephoning
was expensive, if existent. Nowadays, information technology has enhanced human
welfare by allowing cheap modes of communication (internet, live/video telephony)
between families, friends and acquaintances. A rapid growth in this sector is
probably essential for developing countries through a proper policy.
In most countries, a consumer can, using a telephone, fax machine, or personal
computer linked to the Internet, place an order for goods with Amazon, etc., and
have the articles delivered by DHL, and charge the purchase to a credit card. The
same consumer may also contact (fax, phone, email) any number of financial
institutions 24 hours a day, transfer money from anywhere to anywhere, in order
to avoid the artificially low interest rates which may have been imposed by the
government.
Twenty years ago this would have been unthinkable. For Nintendo kids, this will
be a normal part of everyday life. Can a country afford to lag behind in the
telecommunications sector?
However, the country needs to develop security of telecom infrastructure and
cyber security, as this represents an important vulnerable link in the communication
sector. in particular are escalating. Appropriate arrangements for co-ordination
among several agencies may be required if they the new and emerging challenges
are to be met.
1.2.4 Education
Poor countries cannot spend as much as rich countries for the education of children.
Therefore, priorities both for quality and quantity have to be established.
In poor countries, the cost of education is higher because:
(1) with higher birth rates, there are more children in schools.
(2) educated people being relatively scarce, the ratio of a teacher’s salary to per
capita national income is much higher in poor countries (Lewis 1966).
10
1 Introduction to Infrastructure
were able to obtain prompt information about demand trends or price movements,
due to close and rapid links between the foreign markets and local production.
Service industries such as banking, trading, retailing, transportation, maintenance, and insurance can equally benefit when high speed information and realtime communication are available throughout the production process. Several countries have increased their competitiveness through a reduction of their service costs,
thus entailing a higher efficiency of their financial markets and their economic
system are reduced through shorter time.
As shown above, all activities (agriculture, industry, trade and commerce)
become more productive. A few decades ago, communication between two persons
A and B consisted in person A writing a letter to person B, who after receiving it
1 week later would reply to person A through the same postal service. Telephoning
was expensive, if existent. Nowadays, information technology has enhanced human
welfare by allowing cheap modes of communication (internet, live/video telephony)
between families, friends and acquaintances. A rapid growth in this sector is
probably essential for developing countries through a proper policy.
In most countries, a consumer can, using a telephone, fax machine, or personal
computer linked to the Internet, place an order for goods with Amazon, etc., and
have the articles delivered by DHL, and charge the purchase to a credit card. The
same consumer may also contact (fax, phone, email) any number of financial
institutions 24 hours a day, transfer money from anywhere to anywhere, in order
to avoid the artificially low interest rates which may have been imposed by the
government.
Twenty years ago this would have been unthinkable. For Nintendo kids, this will
be a normal part of everyday life. Can a country afford to lag behind in the
telecommunications sector?
However, the country needs to develop security of telecom infrastructure and
cyber security, as this represents an important vulnerable link in the communication
sector. in particular are escalating. Appropriate arrangements for co-ordination
among several agencies may be required if they the new and emerging challenges
are to be met.
1.2.4 Education
Poor countries cannot spend as much as rich countries for the education of children.
Therefore, priorities both for quality and quantity have to be established.
In poor countries, the cost of education is higher because:
(1) with higher birth rates, there are more children in schools.
(2) educated people being relatively scarce, the ratio of a teacher’s salary to per
capita national income is much higher in poor countries (Lewis 1966).
10
1 Introduction to Infrastructure