12 Solar PV Systems
309
12.3.1 Off-Grid Stationary DC Applications on Earth
In the 70s, first applications with solar cells on earth were telecom power supplies
and navigation buoys. After the so-called “First Energy Crisis” in 1973, some of the
employees of satellite solar cell producers started specialized companies for terrestrial solar modules. The first terrestrial modules were produced by newly founded
U.S. companies, such as Arco Solar/Solar Power/Solarex (USA). Sharp (Japan) and
AEG-Telefunken (Germany) also entered the field.
12.3.2 Off-Grid Installations Without Storage Systems—
Components/Sizes/Reliability/Yield/Economy
The standard size of a PV module was selected in such a way, so that the module
could charge a 12 V lead-acid battery. This needs about 36 crystalline silicon (c-Si)
solar cells in series. With such a PV module you can also build a simple but very
interesting 12 V DC uninterruptable power supply (Fig. 12.3).
Fig. 12.3 Autonomous facilities with batteries consisting of at least four units: solar generator/charge controller, battery, DC consumer [3]
309
12.3.1 Off-Grid Stationary DC Applications on Earth
In the 70s, first applications with solar cells on earth were telecom power supplies
and navigation buoys. After the so-called “First Energy Crisis” in 1973, some of the
employees of satellite solar cell producers started specialized companies for terrestrial solar modules. The first terrestrial modules were produced by newly founded
U.S. companies, such as Arco Solar/Solar Power/Solarex (USA). Sharp (Japan) and
AEG-Telefunken (Germany) also entered the field.
12.3.2 Off-Grid Installations Without Storage Systems—
Components/Sizes/Reliability/Yield/Economy
The standard size of a PV module was selected in such a way, so that the module
could charge a 12 V lead-acid battery. This needs about 36 crystalline silicon (c-Si)
solar cells in series. With such a PV module you can also build a simple but very
interesting 12 V DC uninterruptable power supply (Fig. 12.3).
Fig. 12.3 Autonomous facilities with batteries consisting of at least four units: solar generator/charge controller, battery, DC consumer [3]