Foreword
This book offered to readers is devoted to investigations of the optoelectronic
oscillators (OEO) with the external electro-optical modulator (for instance, the
Mach–Zehnder modulator) and with the direct electrical modulation. At simplest
examination, the optoelectronic oscillator presents the analog fiber-optical communication line closed into a loop, in which, besides oscillation in the optical range with
the help of the modern laser, the conditions are created for excitation of microwave
or mm-wave radio-frequency oscillations.
At present, OEO is intensively investigated by several dozen laboratories in the
world. OEO is the promising source of microwave and mm-wave oscillations with
the ultralow level of the power spectral density of the phase noise. Record results of
the obtained phase noise level, which are found in the laboratory conditions, give to
authors a right to predict about the fast implementations of OEO into commercial
civil and military projects. ОЕО is considered by authors as the promising low-noise
oscillator for the radar technology, optical radars, in onboard transmitting stations of
unmanned flying vehicles, as the measuring system of the angular velocity in
gyroscopes, as a sensor of physical quantities, as the coding-decoding element of
the information transmission systems with “masking” effects, etc.
One of the OEO advantages is its small overall dimensions. The optoelectronic
oscillator can be made as a walnut in dimensions using the modern technologies.
Small OEO dimensions facilitates to the high resistance to vibrations and loads.
First important researchings on OEO appeared more than 40 years ago (1980–
1989) in USSR, USA and Japan. The new “burst” of interest to OEO investigation in
microwave range was caused by an appearance in the market of commercially
available “quantum-well” lasers with the small width of the spectral density line
(less than 50 MHz) and the Mach–Zehnder modulators with the modulation bandwidth more than 10 GHz. At that, the research team of Maleki L. (Calteh) in 1999–
2005, in a series of publication, was able to realize OEO with the record phase noise
level (À143 dB/Hz at offset of 1–10 kHz from the carrier of 10 GHz).
Now, the flow of publications on OEO grows each year, more than
100 researchers from different countries (the USA, Russia, China, Italy, Iraq,
vii
This book offered to readers is devoted to investigations of the optoelectronic
oscillators (OEO) with the external electro-optical modulator (for instance, the
Mach–Zehnder modulator) and with the direct electrical modulation. At simplest
examination, the optoelectronic oscillator presents the analog fiber-optical communication line closed into a loop, in which, besides oscillation in the optical range with
the help of the modern laser, the conditions are created for excitation of microwave
or mm-wave radio-frequency oscillations.
At present, OEO is intensively investigated by several dozen laboratories in the
world. OEO is the promising source of microwave and mm-wave oscillations with
the ultralow level of the power spectral density of the phase noise. Record results of
the obtained phase noise level, which are found in the laboratory conditions, give to
authors a right to predict about the fast implementations of OEO into commercial
civil and military projects. ОЕО is considered by authors as the promising low-noise
oscillator for the radar technology, optical radars, in onboard transmitting stations of
unmanned flying vehicles, as the measuring system of the angular velocity in
gyroscopes, as a sensor of physical quantities, as the coding-decoding element of
the information transmission systems with “masking” effects, etc.
One of the OEO advantages is its small overall dimensions. The optoelectronic
oscillator can be made as a walnut in dimensions using the modern technologies.
Small OEO dimensions facilitates to the high resistance to vibrations and loads.
First important researchings on OEO appeared more than 40 years ago (1980–
1989) in USSR, USA and Japan. The new “burst” of interest to OEO investigation in
microwave range was caused by an appearance in the market of commercially
available “quantum-well” lasers with the small width of the spectral density line
(less than 50 MHz) and the Mach–Zehnder modulators with the modulation bandwidth more than 10 GHz. At that, the research team of Maleki L. (Calteh) in 1999–
2005, in a series of publication, was able to realize OEO with the record phase noise
level (À143 dB/Hz at offset of 1–10 kHz from the carrier of 10 GHz).
Now, the flow of publications on OEO grows each year, more than
100 researchers from different countries (the USA, Russia, China, Italy, Iraq,
vii