membership is, for example, not mentioned in his autobiography [131]. In 1776,
Bergman was elected a corresponding member of Académie des Sciences in Paris.
The same year he was elected a member of Gesellschaft naturforschender Freunde
in Berlin. In 1778, he became a member of Könglishe Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften in Göttingen, in 1779 corresponding member of Société Royal de
Médecine in Paris, the letter being signed in Versailles by Amelot de Chaillou, a
minister of Louis XVI [132]. In 1781, he became a member of the Academy in
Dijon, the hometown of Bergman’s correspondent de Morveau (Sect. 26.7), and in
1782 he became the corresponding member of Société Royal des Sciences in
Montpellier. In 1782, Bergman was also honoured with an election as one of only
eight associés étrangers of Académie des Sciences in Paris [133]. This was regarded
as the highest scientific honour in Europe and only one Swede, Linnaeus, had
received the honour before Bergman [132]. In 1783, the year before his death, he
was appointed one of 20 foreign members of Reale Accademia delle Scienze in
Turin by King Victor Amadeus III [132]. In addition, he was a member of a number
of Swedish societies: the Royal Society of Arts and Sciences in Gothenburg, The
Physiographic Society in Lund (1776) and the Patriotic Society in Stockholm.
Scheele’s most important European contacts were German apothecarys Lorenz
Crell (1744–1816) and Johan Christian Friedrich Meyer (1739–1811). By the time
of his death, Scheele was a member of Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu
Berlin (1778), Regia Scientiarum Taurinensis Academia (Turin, 1784), Societa
Italiana (Verona, 1785) and Churmainzische Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften
(Ehrfurt, 1785). In August 1785, he had been elected a member of Société Royale
de Médecine in Paris, but unfortunately the letter did not arrive in Köping until five
days after Scheele’s death.
References
1. Boethius B (1958) Swedish iron and steel. Scand Econ Hist Rev 6:144–175
2. Bergman T (1779) Åminnelse-tal öfver…Högvälborne Friherren Herr Carl de Geer, Kongl.
Vetenskapakademien, Stockholm, p 21
3. Olsson H (1971) Kemiens historia i Sverige intill år 1800. Almqvist & Wiksel, Stockholm
4. Bergman T (1769) Åminnelse-tal öfver…Herr Georg Brandt. Lars Salvius, Stockholm
5. Fors H (2015) The limits of matter. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, p 90
6. Brandt G (1735) Dissertatio de semimetallis. Acta Literaria et Scientiarum Sveciae 4:1–10
7. Tilas D (1742) Stenrikets historia utförd i det wid præsidii afläggande håldne talet in för
kongl. swenska wetenskaps-academien den 14 Apr 1742. Lorentz Ludwig Grefing,
Stockholm
8. Tilas D (1765) Utkast til Sveriges mineral-historia. Framlagdt uti det tal, som vid præsidii
afläggande hölts in för kongl. svenska vetenskaps academien den 6 februarii 1765. Lars
Salvius, Stockholm
9. Scheffer HT (1752) Det hvita gullet, eller den sjunde metallen…beskrifvit til sin natur. KVA
Handl 13:269–275
10. Cronstedt (1751) Rön och försök gjorde med en ny malm-art, från Los kobolt grufvor, i
Färila socken och Helsingeland. KVA Handl 12:287–292
11. Klingenstierna S, Wallerius JG (1731) Articuli generales de natura et utilitate methodi
scientificæ, quos, … præside … D:no Samuele Klingenstierna, … examini publico pro gradu
146
9 Bergman Becomes a Chemist
Bergman was elected a corresponding member of Académie des Sciences in Paris.
The same year he was elected a member of Gesellschaft naturforschender Freunde
in Berlin. In 1778, he became a member of Könglishe Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften in Göttingen, in 1779 corresponding member of Société Royal de
Médecine in Paris, the letter being signed in Versailles by Amelot de Chaillou, a
minister of Louis XVI [132]. In 1781, he became a member of the Academy in
Dijon, the hometown of Bergman’s correspondent de Morveau (Sect. 26.7), and in
1782 he became the corresponding member of Société Royal des Sciences in
Montpellier. In 1782, Bergman was also honoured with an election as one of only
eight associés étrangers of Académie des Sciences in Paris [133]. This was regarded
as the highest scientific honour in Europe and only one Swede, Linnaeus, had
received the honour before Bergman [132]. In 1783, the year before his death, he
was appointed one of 20 foreign members of Reale Accademia delle Scienze in
Turin by King Victor Amadeus III [132]. In addition, he was a member of a number
of Swedish societies: the Royal Society of Arts and Sciences in Gothenburg, The
Physiographic Society in Lund (1776) and the Patriotic Society in Stockholm.
Scheele’s most important European contacts were German apothecarys Lorenz
Crell (1744–1816) and Johan Christian Friedrich Meyer (1739–1811). By the time
of his death, Scheele was a member of Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu
Berlin (1778), Regia Scientiarum Taurinensis Academia (Turin, 1784), Societa
Italiana (Verona, 1785) and Churmainzische Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften
(Ehrfurt, 1785). In August 1785, he had been elected a member of Société Royale
de Médecine in Paris, but unfortunately the letter did not arrive in Köping until five
days after Scheele’s death.
References
1. Boethius B (1958) Swedish iron and steel. Scand Econ Hist Rev 6:144–175
2. Bergman T (1779) Åminnelse-tal öfver…Högvälborne Friherren Herr Carl de Geer, Kongl.
Vetenskapakademien, Stockholm, p 21
3. Olsson H (1971) Kemiens historia i Sverige intill år 1800. Almqvist & Wiksel, Stockholm
4. Bergman T (1769) Åminnelse-tal öfver…Herr Georg Brandt. Lars Salvius, Stockholm
5. Fors H (2015) The limits of matter. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, p 90
6. Brandt G (1735) Dissertatio de semimetallis. Acta Literaria et Scientiarum Sveciae 4:1–10
7. Tilas D (1742) Stenrikets historia utförd i det wid præsidii afläggande håldne talet in för
kongl. swenska wetenskaps-academien den 14 Apr 1742. Lorentz Ludwig Grefing,
Stockholm
8. Tilas D (1765) Utkast til Sveriges mineral-historia. Framlagdt uti det tal, som vid præsidii
afläggande hölts in för kongl. svenska vetenskaps academien den 6 februarii 1765. Lars
Salvius, Stockholm
9. Scheffer HT (1752) Det hvita gullet, eller den sjunde metallen…beskrifvit til sin natur. KVA
Handl 13:269–275
10. Cronstedt (1751) Rön och försök gjorde med en ny malm-art, från Los kobolt grufvor, i
Färila socken och Helsingeland. KVA Handl 12:287–292
11. Klingenstierna S, Wallerius JG (1731) Articuli generales de natura et utilitate methodi
scientificæ, quos, … præside … D:no Samuele Klingenstierna, … examini publico pro gradu
146
9 Bergman Becomes a Chemist