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139
68. Y.T. Wu, E. Garfunkel, T.E. Madey, Initial stages of Cu growth on ordered Al 2 O 3 ultrathin
films. J. Vacuum Sci. Technol. A 14(3), 1662–1667 (1996)
69. J. Bearden, A. Burr, Reevaluation of X-ray atomic energy levels. Rev. Mod. Phys. 39(1), 125
(1967)
70. C.Q. Sun, L.K. Pan, T.P. Chen, X.W. Sun, S. Li, C.M. Li, Distinguishing the effect of crystalfield screening from the effect of valence recharging on the 2P 3/2 and 3d 5/2 level energies of
nanostructured copper. Appl. Surf. Sci. 252(6), 2101–2107 (2006)
71. C.Q. Sun, in Relaxation of the Chemical Bond. The Springer Series in Chemical Physics, vol.
108 (Springer, Heidelberg, 2014), 807pp
72. R. DiDio, D. Zehner, E. Plummer, An angle-resolved UPS study of the oxygen-induced
reconstruction of Cu (110). J. Vaccum Sci. Technol. A 2(2), 852–855 (1984)
73. C.Q. Sun, Oxidation electronics: bond-band-barrier correlation and its applications. Prog.
Mater Sci. 48(6), 521–685 (2003)
74. W.F. Egelhoff Jr., G.G. Tibbetts, Growth of copper, nickel, and palladium films on graphite
and amorphous carbon. Phys. Rev. B 19(10), 5028 (1979)
75. J.M. Burkstrand, Substrate effects on the electronic structure of metal overlayers—an XPS
study of polymer-metal interfaces. Phys. Rev. B 20(12), 4853 (1979)
76. M. Chtaib, J. Ghijsen, J. Pireaux, R. Caudano, R. Johnson, E. Orti, J. Bredas, Photoemission
study of the copper/poly (ethylene terephthalate) interface. Phys. Rev. B 44(19), 10815 (1991)
77. C.Q. Sun, A model of bonding and band-forming for oxides and nitrides. Appl. Phys. Lett.
72(14), 1706–1708 (1998)
78. K. Borgohain, J.B. Singh, M.V.R. Rao, T. Shripathi, S. Mahamuni, Quantum size effects in
CuO nanoparticles. Phys. Rev. B 61(16), 11093–11096 (2000)
79. F. Matsui, T. Matsushita, Y. Kato, M. Hashimoto, K. Inaji, F.Z. Guo, H. Daimon, Atomic-layer
resolved magnetic and electronic structure analysis of Ni thin film on a Cu(001) surface by
diffraction spectroscopy. Phys. Rev. Lett. 100(20), 207201 (2008)
80. M.L. Xu, S.Y. Tong, The structure of overlayer adsorption on Ni(001) by high-resolution
electron-energy loss spectroscopy. J. Vacuum Sci. Technol. A 4(3), 1302–1303 (1986)
81. Y.G. Nie, J.S. Pan, Z. Zhang, J.W. Chai, S.J. Wang, C.S. Yang, D. Li, C.Q. Sun, Size dependent
2p(3/2) binding-energy shift of Ni nanoclusters on SiO 2 support: skin-depth local strain and
quantum trapping. Appl. Surf. Sci. 256(14), 4667–4671 (2010)
82. Y. Sun, J.S. Pan, J.G. Tao, Y.G. Nie, C.H.A. Huan, Z. Zhang, J.W. Chai, D. Li, S.J. Wang, C.Q.
Sun, Size dependence of the 2p(3/2) and 3d(5/2) binding energy shift of Ni nanostructures:
skin-depth charge and energy trapping. J. Phys. Chem. C 113(25), 10939–10946 (2009)
83. T. Zhang, M. Bo, Y. Guo, Y. Huang, H. Chen, C. Li, C.Q. Sun, Coordination-resolved atomistic
local bonding and 3p electronic energetics of K(110) skin and atomic clusters. Appl. Surf.
Sci. 325, 33–38 (2015)
84. M. Bo, Y. Wang, Y. Huang, Y. Liu, C. Li, C.Q. Sun, Atomistic spectrometrics of local bondelectron-energy pertaining to Na and K clusters. Appl. Surf. Sci. 325, 33–38 (2015)
85. M. Bo, Y. Guo, Y. Huang, Y. Liu, Y. Wang, C. Li, C.Q. Sun, Coordination-resolved bonding
and electronic dynamics of Na atomic clusters and solid skins. RSC Adv. 5(44), 35274–35281
(2015)
86. G. Wertheim, D.M. Riffe, N. Smith, P. Citrin, Electron mean free paths in the alkali metals.
Phys. Rev. B 46(4), 1955 (1992)
87. D.M. Riffe, G. Wertheim, P. Citrin, Enhanced vibrational broadening of core-level photoemission from the surface of Na (110). Phys. Rev. Lett. 67(1), 116–119 (1991)
88. G. Wertheim, D.M. Riffe, Evidence for crystal-field splitting in surface-atom photoemission
from potassium. Phys. Rev. B 52(20), 14906 (1995)
89. J. Woltersdorf, A. Nepijko, E. Pippel, Dependence of lattice parameters of small particles on
the size of the nuclei. Surf. Sci. 106(1), 64–69 (1981)
90. R. Lamber, S. Wetjen, N.I. Jaeger, Size dependence of the lattice parameter of small palladium
particles. Phys. Rev. B 51(16), 10968 (1995)
91. M. Zhao, X. Zhou, Q. Jiang, Comparison of different models for melting point change of
metallic nanocrystals. J. Mater. Res. 16(11), 3304–3308 (2001)