Chapter 11
Ranking of Natural Wastewater
Treatment Techniques by Multi-criteria
Decision Making (MCDM) Methods
Tagesse Gichamo, Hüseyin Gökçeku¸ s, Dilber Uzun Ozsahin, Gebre Gelete,
and Berna Uzun
Abstract Wastewater treatment is the method for the elimination of pollutants from
effluent to release the effluent to the environment that has a pollutant concentration at an acceptable limit or to directly reuse the water. Recently, the world is
demanding the wastewater treatment systems which is affordable economically and
technically, carbon-free and ecological friend. In this study, the efficiency of five
several natural wastewater treatment approaches namely; waste stabilization pond,
soil filter, constructed wetland, use of aquatic plants, and reusing of wastewater for
irrigation were compared using VIKOR. For the evaluation, different criteria were
used such as land requirement, pollutant removal capacity, health risk, capital cost,
hydrogeological risk, maintenance cost, subject to seasonal variability, and ecological
benefits. The ranking result indicated that stabilization pond, constructed wetland,
T. Gichamo (B) · H. Gökçeku¸ s · G. Gelete
Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Near East University, Nicosia, Turkish Republic
of Northern Cyprus, Turkey
e-mail: tagesseg@gmail.com
H. Gökçeku¸ s
e-mail: huseyin.gokcekus@neu.edu.tr
T. Gichamo · G. Gelete
College of Environmental Science, Arsi University, 193 Asela, Ethiopia
D. Uzun Ozsahin · B. Uzun
DESAM Institute, Near East University, Nicosia, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, Turkey
e-mail: dilber.uzunozsahin@neu.edu.tr
D. Uzun Ozsahin
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Near East University, Nicosia, Turkish Republic of
Northern Cyprus, Turkey
Medical Diagnostic Imaging Department, College of Health Science, University of Sharjah,
Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
B. Uzun
Department of Mathematics, Near East University, Nicosia, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus,
Turkey
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
D. Uzun Ozsahin et al. (eds.), Application of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis in
Environmental and Civil Engineering, Professional Practice in Earth Sciences,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64765-0_11
87
Ranking of Natural Wastewater
Treatment Techniques by Multi-criteria
Decision Making (MCDM) Methods
Tagesse Gichamo, Hüseyin Gökçeku¸ s, Dilber Uzun Ozsahin, Gebre Gelete,
and Berna Uzun
Abstract Wastewater treatment is the method for the elimination of pollutants from
effluent to release the effluent to the environment that has a pollutant concentration at an acceptable limit or to directly reuse the water. Recently, the world is
demanding the wastewater treatment systems which is affordable economically and
technically, carbon-free and ecological friend. In this study, the efficiency of five
several natural wastewater treatment approaches namely; waste stabilization pond,
soil filter, constructed wetland, use of aquatic plants, and reusing of wastewater for
irrigation were compared using VIKOR. For the evaluation, different criteria were
used such as land requirement, pollutant removal capacity, health risk, capital cost,
hydrogeological risk, maintenance cost, subject to seasonal variability, and ecological
benefits. The ranking result indicated that stabilization pond, constructed wetland,
T. Gichamo (B) · H. Gökçeku¸ s · G. Gelete
Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Near East University, Nicosia, Turkish Republic
of Northern Cyprus, Turkey
e-mail: tagesseg@gmail.com
H. Gökçeku¸ s
e-mail: huseyin.gokcekus@neu.edu.tr
T. Gichamo · G. Gelete
College of Environmental Science, Arsi University, 193 Asela, Ethiopia
D. Uzun Ozsahin · B. Uzun
DESAM Institute, Near East University, Nicosia, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, Turkey
e-mail: dilber.uzunozsahin@neu.edu.tr
D. Uzun Ozsahin
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Near East University, Nicosia, Turkish Republic of
Northern Cyprus, Turkey
Medical Diagnostic Imaging Department, College of Health Science, University of Sharjah,
Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
B. Uzun
Department of Mathematics, Near East University, Nicosia, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus,
Turkey
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
D. Uzun Ozsahin et al. (eds.), Application of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis in
Environmental and Civil Engineering, Professional Practice in Earth Sciences,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64765-0_11
87