198
S. Sözen et al.
19.1 Introduction
Paint production is one of the industrial sectors that addresses most to household
activities. Paints are continuously utilized worldwide for decoration, protection of
building facades, equipment and machinery protection among many other applications. The production scheme is quite diverse and complex depending on the demand,
involving pigments, carrier such as resin or other binders, solvents and other additives. These chemicals are partly transferred to the process wastewaters, which pose
a serious threat to human life and environment, if not properly handled and treated
(Porwal 2015).
Studies on paint industry effluents are rather limited compared to the magnitude
of the sector: Among significant studies, Yacout and El-Zahhar (2018) reported on
the environmental impact assessment aspect of paint production; Saif et al. (2015)
provided useful information on the calculation and estimation of the carbon footprint
applicable to paint industry; Dunmade (2012) commented about the recycling aspects
and a few studies focused on different treatment approaches (Devleto˘ glu et al. 2002;
Kutluay et al. 2003; Vengris et al. 2012). The earlier work on Lorton (1988) should
also be recognized as it reported on waste minimization aspects for paint and allied
industries.
While the wastewater is associated with different processes generating individual
waste streams in the paint industry, options presented in the literature relied on endof-pipe treatment of combined effluent, perhaps the worst alternative to be considered
for paint processing. This study provided a new insight for waste management where
segregated waste streams were separately characterized and subjected to treatability
analyses.
In this context, the objective of the study was to evaluate and optimize the treatment
scheme by considering 10 different technical aspects related to the operational conditions for a paint industry. The evaluation was performed using a multiple-criteria
decision tool by analyzing physical footprint and performance of the treatment,
chemicals used, the sludge produced, the energy consumed.
19.2 Materials and Methods
19.2.1 Process Description
The paint industry was located in Çayırova-Gebze within an Organized Industrial
District in Turkey The production activity in the plant was conducted on a 3500
m
2 closed area and mainly consisted of oil-based paint, plastic paint, coating, paint
thinner, varnish, and auxiliary paint materials amounting to a yearly production of
25,000 ton.
The capacity was mostly distributed among paint (79%), thinner (13%) and coatings, varnish and other auxiliary paint materials (8%). Alkyd resin was also produced
S. Sözen et al.
19.1 Introduction
Paint production is one of the industrial sectors that addresses most to household
activities. Paints are continuously utilized worldwide for decoration, protection of
building facades, equipment and machinery protection among many other applications. The production scheme is quite diverse and complex depending on the demand,
involving pigments, carrier such as resin or other binders, solvents and other additives. These chemicals are partly transferred to the process wastewaters, which pose
a serious threat to human life and environment, if not properly handled and treated
(Porwal 2015).
Studies on paint industry effluents are rather limited compared to the magnitude
of the sector: Among significant studies, Yacout and El-Zahhar (2018) reported on
the environmental impact assessment aspect of paint production; Saif et al. (2015)
provided useful information on the calculation and estimation of the carbon footprint
applicable to paint industry; Dunmade (2012) commented about the recycling aspects
and a few studies focused on different treatment approaches (Devleto˘ glu et al. 2002;
Kutluay et al. 2003; Vengris et al. 2012). The earlier work on Lorton (1988) should
also be recognized as it reported on waste minimization aspects for paint and allied
industries.
While the wastewater is associated with different processes generating individual
waste streams in the paint industry, options presented in the literature relied on endof-pipe treatment of combined effluent, perhaps the worst alternative to be considered
for paint processing. This study provided a new insight for waste management where
segregated waste streams were separately characterized and subjected to treatability
analyses.
In this context, the objective of the study was to evaluate and optimize the treatment
scheme by considering 10 different technical aspects related to the operational conditions for a paint industry. The evaluation was performed using a multiple-criteria
decision tool by analyzing physical footprint and performance of the treatment,
chemicals used, the sludge produced, the energy consumed.
19.2 Materials and Methods
19.2.1 Process Description
The paint industry was located in Çayırova-Gebze within an Organized Industrial
District in Turkey The production activity in the plant was conducted on a 3500
m
2 closed area and mainly consisted of oil-based paint, plastic paint, coating, paint
thinner, varnish, and auxiliary paint materials amounting to a yearly production of
25,000 ton.
The capacity was mostly distributed among paint (79%), thinner (13%) and coatings, varnish and other auxiliary paint materials (8%). Alkyd resin was also produced