11 Ranking of Natural Wastewater Treatment Techniques …
97
Table 11.3 Linguistic fuzzy
Scale
Linguistic scale for importance of
weight
Triangular fuzzy scale
Very high (VH)
(0.75, 1, 1)
Important (H)
(0.50, 0.75, 1)
Medium (M)
(0.25, 0.50, 0.75)
Low (L)
(0, 0.25, 0.50)
Very low (VL)
(0, 0, 0.25)
The ranking result of VIKOR analysis obtained based on the Q i index, which is a
combination of S i and R i indexes. The alternative with a lower Q i is the better alternative and the alternative with higher Q i is the least desirable alternative (see Table 11.6).
Results indicated that the stabilization pond technique is the best alternative amongst
the others and Constructed wetland is the second-best alternative.
11.5 Conclusions
Advancement of industry and population increasing rise demands for raw materials
and subsequent utilization increases the generation of wastewater. Unsafe disposal of
wastewater causes pollution of the environment disturbs human health and economic
crisis. To reduce the negative consequences of wastewater, it could be treated and the
pollutants must be removed at an acceptable limit before disposing to the environment. Wastewater could be treated either by natural treatment methods or conventional treatment methods; the latter is economically more expensive and technically
needs advanced skills. Natural wastewater treatment techniques are cheaper, free
from carbon emission, could be constructed, operated, and maintained by little skill.
The current study focused on assessing the effectiveness of constructed wetlands,
soil filter, waste stabilization basin, reuse of wastewater for irrigation and aquatic
plants using VIKOR model. The result reveals that waste stabilization pond was the
first ranked and an appropriate method, constructed wetland, soil filter, use of aquatic
plants and reuse of wastewater for irrigation is the second-ranked the second, the third,
the forth and the fifth respectively. In VIKOR, the best alternative is the one with
the minimum value of Q i . The Q i value for waste stabilization is the least; therefore,
this method of natural wastewater treatment is the best option among the alternatives
evaluated. This could be because the method balances the cost, environmental and
human health issues at a desirable level.
97
Table 11.3 Linguistic fuzzy
Scale
Linguistic scale for importance of
weight
Triangular fuzzy scale
Very high (VH)
(0.75, 1, 1)
Important (H)
(0.50, 0.75, 1)
Medium (M)
(0.25, 0.50, 0.75)
Low (L)
(0, 0.25, 0.50)
Very low (VL)
(0, 0, 0.25)
The ranking result of VIKOR analysis obtained based on the Q i index, which is a
combination of S i and R i indexes. The alternative with a lower Q i is the better alternative and the alternative with higher Q i is the least desirable alternative (see Table 11.6).
Results indicated that the stabilization pond technique is the best alternative amongst
the others and Constructed wetland is the second-best alternative.
11.5 Conclusions
Advancement of industry and population increasing rise demands for raw materials
and subsequent utilization increases the generation of wastewater. Unsafe disposal of
wastewater causes pollution of the environment disturbs human health and economic
crisis. To reduce the negative consequences of wastewater, it could be treated and the
pollutants must be removed at an acceptable limit before disposing to the environment. Wastewater could be treated either by natural treatment methods or conventional treatment methods; the latter is economically more expensive and technically
needs advanced skills. Natural wastewater treatment techniques are cheaper, free
from carbon emission, could be constructed, operated, and maintained by little skill.
The current study focused on assessing the effectiveness of constructed wetlands,
soil filter, waste stabilization basin, reuse of wastewater for irrigation and aquatic
plants using VIKOR model. The result reveals that waste stabilization pond was the
first ranked and an appropriate method, constructed wetland, soil filter, use of aquatic
plants and reuse of wastewater for irrigation is the second-ranked the second, the third,
the forth and the fifth respectively. In VIKOR, the best alternative is the one with
the minimum value of Q i . The Q i value for waste stabilization is the least; therefore,
this method of natural wastewater treatment is the best option among the alternatives
evaluated. This could be because the method balances the cost, environmental and
human health issues at a desirable level.