jets observed on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko sustained by subsurface thermal lag.
Astronomy and Astrophysics, 586, A7.
Shinnaka, Y., Kawakita, H., Kobayashi, H., Jehin, E., Manfroid, J., Hutsemekers, D., & Arpigny,
C. (2011). Ortho-to-para abundance ratio (OPR) of ammonia in 15 comets: OPRs of ammonia
versus 14N/15N ratios in CN. The Astrophysical Journal, 729, 81.
Shinnaka, Y., Kawakita, H., Jehin, E., Decock, A., Hutsemekers, D., Manfroid, J., & Arai,
A. (2016). Nitrogen isotopic ratios of NH2 in comets: Implication for 15N-fractionation in
cometary ammonia. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 462, S195–S209.
Shkuratov, Y., Ovcharenko, A., Zubko, E., Miloslavskaya, O., Muinonen, K., Piironen, J., Nelson,
R., Smythe, W., Rosenbush, V., & Helfenstein, P. (2002). Icarus, 159, 396–416.
Sierks, H., et al. (2015). On the nucleus structure and activity of comet 67P/ChuryumovGerasimenko. Science, 347, aaa1044.
Silsbee, K., & Draine, B. T. (2016). Radiation pressure on fluffy submicron-sized grains. The
Astrophysical Journal, 818, 133.
Singh, P. D., de Almeida, A. A., & Huebner, W. F. (1992). Dust release rates and dust-to-gas mass
ratios of eight comets. The Astronomical Journal, 104, 848.
Sirono, S. (2017). Heating of porous icy dust aggregates. The Astrophysical Journal, 842, 11.
Skorov, Y. V., & Rickman, H. (1999). Gas flow and dust acceleration in a cometary Knudsen layer.
Planetary and Space Science, 47, 935.
Skorov, Y. V., Markelov, G. N., & Keller, H. U. (2006). Direct statistical simulation of the nearsurface layers of a cometary atmosphere.II: A nonspherical nucleus. Solar System Research, 40,
219–229.
Skorov, Y. V., van Lieshout, R., Blum, J., & Keller, H. U. (2011). Activity of comets: Gas transport
in the near-surface porous layers of a cometary nucleus. Icarus, 212, 867–876.
Skorov, Y. V., Rezac, L., Hartogh, P., & Keller, H. U. (2017). Is near-surface ice the driver of dust
activity on 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 600, A142.
Slaughter, C. D. (1969). The emission spectrum of comet Ikeya-Seki 1965-f at perihelion passage.
Astronomical Journal, 74, 929–943.
Slavin, J. A., Goldberg, B. A., Smith, E. J., McComas, D. J., Bame, S. J., Strauss, M. A., & Spinrad,
H. (1986). The structure of a cometary Type I tail: Ground-based and ice observations of P/
Giacobini-Zinner. Geophysical Research Letters, 13, 1085.
Smith, D., Arnaud, A., Julie, B., Benoit, N.-A., Pennec, F., Tessier-Doyen, N., Otsu, K., Matsubara,
H., Elser, P., & Gonzenbach, U. (2013). Thermal conductivity of porous materials. Journal of
Materials Research, 28. https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2013.179.
Smoluchowski, R. (1985). Amorphous and porous ices in cometary nuclei. NATO Advanced
Science Institutes (ASI) Series C, 156, 397.
Snios, B., Kharchenko, V., Lisse, C. M., Wolk, S. J., Dennerl, K., & Combi, M. R. (2016). Chandra
observations of Comets C/2012 S1 (ISON) and C/2011 L4 (PanSTARRS). The Astrophysical
Journal, 818, 199.
Snios, B., Lichtman, J., & Kharchenko, V. (2018). The presence of dust and ice scattering in X-ray
emissions from Comets. The Astrophysical Journal, 852, 138.
Snodgrass, C., Agarwal, J., Combi, M., Fitzsimmons, A., Guilbert-Lepoutre, A., Hsieh, H. H., Hui,
M.-T., Jehin, E., Kelley, M. S. P., Knight, M. M., Opitom, C., Orosei, R., de Val-Borro, M., &
Yang, B. (2017). The main belt comets and ice in the Solar System. Astronomy and Astrophysics
Review, 25, 5.
Sone, Y., & Sugimoto, H. (1993). Kinetic theory analysis of steady evaporating flows from a
spherical condensed phase into a vacuum. Physics of Fluids A, 5, 1491–1511.
Spencer, J. R., Lebofsky, L. A., & Sykes, M. V. (1989). Systematic biases in radiometric diameter
determinations. Icarus, 78, 337.
Spohn, T., Seiferlin, K., & Benkhoff, J. (1989). Thermal conductivities and diffusivities of porous
ice samples at low pressures and temperatures and possible modes of heat transfer in near
surface layers of comets. In Physics and mechanics of cometary materials. ESA SP-302,77.
References
489
Astronomy and Astrophysics, 586, A7.
Shinnaka, Y., Kawakita, H., Kobayashi, H., Jehin, E., Manfroid, J., Hutsemekers, D., & Arpigny,
C. (2011). Ortho-to-para abundance ratio (OPR) of ammonia in 15 comets: OPRs of ammonia
versus 14N/15N ratios in CN. The Astrophysical Journal, 729, 81.
Shinnaka, Y., Kawakita, H., Jehin, E., Decock, A., Hutsemekers, D., Manfroid, J., & Arai,
A. (2016). Nitrogen isotopic ratios of NH2 in comets: Implication for 15N-fractionation in
cometary ammonia. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 462, S195–S209.
Shkuratov, Y., Ovcharenko, A., Zubko, E., Miloslavskaya, O., Muinonen, K., Piironen, J., Nelson,
R., Smythe, W., Rosenbush, V., & Helfenstein, P. (2002). Icarus, 159, 396–416.
Sierks, H., et al. (2015). On the nucleus structure and activity of comet 67P/ChuryumovGerasimenko. Science, 347, aaa1044.
Silsbee, K., & Draine, B. T. (2016). Radiation pressure on fluffy submicron-sized grains. The
Astrophysical Journal, 818, 133.
Singh, P. D., de Almeida, A. A., & Huebner, W. F. (1992). Dust release rates and dust-to-gas mass
ratios of eight comets. The Astronomical Journal, 104, 848.
Sirono, S. (2017). Heating of porous icy dust aggregates. The Astrophysical Journal, 842, 11.
Skorov, Y. V., & Rickman, H. (1999). Gas flow and dust acceleration in a cometary Knudsen layer.
Planetary and Space Science, 47, 935.
Skorov, Y. V., Markelov, G. N., & Keller, H. U. (2006). Direct statistical simulation of the nearsurface layers of a cometary atmosphere.II: A nonspherical nucleus. Solar System Research, 40,
219–229.
Skorov, Y. V., van Lieshout, R., Blum, J., & Keller, H. U. (2011). Activity of comets: Gas transport
in the near-surface porous layers of a cometary nucleus. Icarus, 212, 867–876.
Skorov, Y. V., Rezac, L., Hartogh, P., & Keller, H. U. (2017). Is near-surface ice the driver of dust
activity on 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 600, A142.
Slaughter, C. D. (1969). The emission spectrum of comet Ikeya-Seki 1965-f at perihelion passage.
Astronomical Journal, 74, 929–943.
Slavin, J. A., Goldberg, B. A., Smith, E. J., McComas, D. J., Bame, S. J., Strauss, M. A., & Spinrad,
H. (1986). The structure of a cometary Type I tail: Ground-based and ice observations of P/
Giacobini-Zinner. Geophysical Research Letters, 13, 1085.
Smith, D., Arnaud, A., Julie, B., Benoit, N.-A., Pennec, F., Tessier-Doyen, N., Otsu, K., Matsubara,
H., Elser, P., & Gonzenbach, U. (2013). Thermal conductivity of porous materials. Journal of
Materials Research, 28. https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2013.179.
Smoluchowski, R. (1985). Amorphous and porous ices in cometary nuclei. NATO Advanced
Science Institutes (ASI) Series C, 156, 397.
Snios, B., Kharchenko, V., Lisse, C. M., Wolk, S. J., Dennerl, K., & Combi, M. R. (2016). Chandra
observations of Comets C/2012 S1 (ISON) and C/2011 L4 (PanSTARRS). The Astrophysical
Journal, 818, 199.
Snios, B., Lichtman, J., & Kharchenko, V. (2018). The presence of dust and ice scattering in X-ray
emissions from Comets. The Astrophysical Journal, 852, 138.
Snodgrass, C., Agarwal, J., Combi, M., Fitzsimmons, A., Guilbert-Lepoutre, A., Hsieh, H. H., Hui,
M.-T., Jehin, E., Kelley, M. S. P., Knight, M. M., Opitom, C., Orosei, R., de Val-Borro, M., &
Yang, B. (2017). The main belt comets and ice in the Solar System. Astronomy and Astrophysics
Review, 25, 5.
Sone, Y., & Sugimoto, H. (1993). Kinetic theory analysis of steady evaporating flows from a
spherical condensed phase into a vacuum. Physics of Fluids A, 5, 1491–1511.
Spencer, J. R., Lebofsky, L. A., & Sykes, M. V. (1989). Systematic biases in radiometric diameter
determinations. Icarus, 78, 337.
Spohn, T., Seiferlin, K., & Benkhoff, J. (1989). Thermal conductivities and diffusivities of porous
ice samples at low pressures and temperatures and possible modes of heat transfer in near
surface layers of comets. In Physics and mechanics of cometary materials. ESA SP-302,77.
References
489