Symbol
Meaning
Typical unit
Introducing
equation
β 1, β 2
Reciprocal scale length of the parent and
daughter species in the Haser model
[m
À1
]
3.107,
3.112
β A , χ
Angles in the definition of polarization
[rad]
4.11
β mag
Relative importance of magnetic pressure
with respect to thermal pressure
Unitless
5.3
γ
Ratio of the specific heats
Unitless
3.60
Γ
Thermal inertia of a surface
[J m
À2 K
À1 s
À½
],
[TIU]
2.107
γ c
Empirical constant describing cohesive
forces in saltation models
2.135
γ H
Variable related to the single-scattering
albedo used in the Hapke formalism for
reflectance
Unitless
2.67
Δ
Comet-Earth distance
[AU]
1.1
δ
13 C
Isotopic enrichment relative to a standard
“per mil”
3.125
δ imp
Mass density of the impactor
[kg m
À3
]
2.128
Δδ
Isotopic fractionation
3.126
Δω
Precession of the argument of perihelion
from relativistic effects
Arcseconds per
comet orbit about
the Sun
1.20
ε
Thermal emissivity
Unitless
2.7
ε MG
Average dielectric function derived by
Maxwell Garnett
4.49
ε p, ε h, ε i
Permittivity of the material, a host material,
and an inclusion
Unitless
4.49, 4.50
ε r, ε i
Real and imaginary parts of the dielectric
constant
4.27
ε s
Parameter accounting for specular reflection
from the surface of a sphere
4.88
η
Momentum transfer coefficient
Unitless
1.24
η th
Infrared beaming parameter
Unitless
θ
Scattering angle (π-α)
[rad]
4.5
θ
Mean slope angle
[rad]
2.75
Θ
Thermal parameter
Unitless
2.109
ν
Viscosity
3.104
κ
Thermal conductivity
[W m
À1 K
À1
]
2.102
κ m
Effective conductivity
[J m
À1 K
À1
]
2.117
κ p
Radiative conductivity across pores
[J m
À1 K
À1
]
2.117
κ p
Permeability
Unitless
3.104
κ s , κ g , κ e
Conductivities (solid, gas, effective)
supporting empirical determination of heat
transfer in porous media
[J m
À1 K
À1
]
2.119
κ υ
Absorption coefficient
[m
À1
]
3.10
λ
Wavelength
[m]
2.9
(continued)
xxxiv
Symbols Used
Meaning
Typical unit
Introducing
equation
β 1, β 2
Reciprocal scale length of the parent and
daughter species in the Haser model
[m
À1
]
3.107,
3.112
β A , χ
Angles in the definition of polarization
[rad]
4.11
β mag
Relative importance of magnetic pressure
with respect to thermal pressure
Unitless
5.3
γ
Ratio of the specific heats
Unitless
3.60
Γ
Thermal inertia of a surface
[J m
À2 K
À1 s
À½
],
[TIU]
2.107
γ c
Empirical constant describing cohesive
forces in saltation models
2.135
γ H
Variable related to the single-scattering
albedo used in the Hapke formalism for
reflectance
Unitless
2.67
Δ
Comet-Earth distance
[AU]
1.1
δ
13 C
Isotopic enrichment relative to a standard
“per mil”
3.125
δ imp
Mass density of the impactor
[kg m
À3
]
2.128
Δδ
Isotopic fractionation
3.126
Δω
Precession of the argument of perihelion
from relativistic effects
Arcseconds per
comet orbit about
the Sun
1.20
ε
Thermal emissivity
Unitless
2.7
ε MG
Average dielectric function derived by
Maxwell Garnett
4.49
ε p, ε h, ε i
Permittivity of the material, a host material,
and an inclusion
Unitless
4.49, 4.50
ε r, ε i
Real and imaginary parts of the dielectric
constant
4.27
ε s
Parameter accounting for specular reflection
from the surface of a sphere
4.88
η
Momentum transfer coefficient
Unitless
1.24
η th
Infrared beaming parameter
Unitless
θ
Scattering angle (π-α)
[rad]
4.5
θ
Mean slope angle
[rad]
2.75
Θ
Thermal parameter
Unitless
2.109
ν
Viscosity
3.104
κ
Thermal conductivity
[W m
À1 K
À1
]
2.102
κ m
Effective conductivity
[J m
À1 K
À1
]
2.117
κ p
Radiative conductivity across pores
[J m
À1 K
À1
]
2.117
κ p
Permeability
Unitless
3.104
κ s , κ g , κ e
Conductivities (solid, gas, effective)
supporting empirical determination of heat
transfer in porous media
[J m
À1 K
À1
]
2.119
κ υ
Absorption coefficient
[m
À1
]
3.10
λ
Wavelength
[m]
2.9
(continued)
xxxiv
Symbols Used