36
C. Daher et al.
4.8 Public Transport: Bus, Underground and Railway
• Expand the frequencies and limit occupancy, especially during the rush hours
• Increase cleaning and disinfection and distribute masks
• Implement traffic light priority for buses and segregated lanes to increase speed
and passing times.
4.9 Private Transport
• Reduce parking space for private vehicle
• Implement low emission and 30 km/hour zones.
Link taxi and shared vehicle transportation with the organization of public transport.
References
Barcelona Institute for Global Health (2020) Are the reductions in air pollution triggered by the
COVID-19 epidemic having health effects? [2020-08-12]. https://www.isglobal.org/en/healthisg
lobal/-/custom-blog-portlet/-sera-relevante-para-nuestra-salud-la-disminucion-de-la-contamina
cion-atmosferica-durante-la-epidemia-de-la-covid-19-/5083982/11101
Isglobal 1 (2020) ¿Debería permitirse la actividad física durante la pandemia causada por el coronavirus? [2020-08-12]. https://www.isglobal.org/es/-/-deberia-permitirse-la-actividad-fisica-dur
ante-la-pandemia-causada-por-el-coronavirus
Isglobal 2 (2020) ¿Deberíamos salir durante y después del confinamiento por la COVID-19?
[2020-08-12]. https://www.isglobal.org/es/-/-deberiamos-salir-durante-y-despues-del-confinami
ento-por-la-covid-19Nieuwenhuijsen MJ (2020) Urban and transport planning pathways to carbon neutral, liveable and
healthy cities; A review of the current evidence. Environ Int 140:105661. [2020-08-12]. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105661
Ogen Y (2020) Assessing nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) levels as a contributing factor to coronavirus
(COVID-19) fatality. Sci Total Environ 726:138605. [2020-08-12]. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sci
totenv.2020.138605
Polis Network (2020) COVID-19: Keeping things moving—polis network. [2020-08-12]. https://
www.polisnetwork.eu/document/covid-19-keeping-things-moving/
Setti L, Passarini F, de Gennaro G et al (2020) Evaluation of the potential relationship between
Particulate Matter (PM) pollution and COVID-19 infection spread in Italy. SIMA position
paper [2020-08-12]. http://www.simaonlus.it/wpsima/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/COVID_19_
position-paper_ENG.pdf
Van Kempen E, Casas M, Pershagen G et al (2018) Who environmental noise guidelines for the
european region: a systematic review on environmental noise and cardiovascular and metabolic
effects: a summary. Int J Environ Res Public Health 15(2):1–59. [2020-08-12]. https://doi.org/
10.3390/ijerph15020379
World Health Organization (2018) Physical activity. Fact sheet. [2020-08-12]. https://www.who.
int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/physical-activity
Wu X, Nethery RC, Sabath BM et al. (2020) Exposure to air pollution and COVID-19 mortality in
the United States. MedRxiv [2020-08-12]. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.05.20054502
C. Daher et al.
4.8 Public Transport: Bus, Underground and Railway
• Expand the frequencies and limit occupancy, especially during the rush hours
• Increase cleaning and disinfection and distribute masks
• Implement traffic light priority for buses and segregated lanes to increase speed
and passing times.
4.9 Private Transport
• Reduce parking space for private vehicle
• Implement low emission and 30 km/hour zones.
Link taxi and shared vehicle transportation with the organization of public transport.
References
Barcelona Institute for Global Health (2020) Are the reductions in air pollution triggered by the
COVID-19 epidemic having health effects? [2020-08-12]. https://www.isglobal.org/en/healthisg
lobal/-/custom-blog-portlet/-sera-relevante-para-nuestra-salud-la-disminucion-de-la-contamina
cion-atmosferica-durante-la-epidemia-de-la-covid-19-/5083982/11101
Isglobal 1 (2020) ¿Debería permitirse la actividad física durante la pandemia causada por el coronavirus? [2020-08-12]. https://www.isglobal.org/es/-/-deberia-permitirse-la-actividad-fisica-dur
ante-la-pandemia-causada-por-el-coronavirus
Isglobal 2 (2020) ¿Deberíamos salir durante y después del confinamiento por la COVID-19?
[2020-08-12]. https://www.isglobal.org/es/-/-deberiamos-salir-durante-y-despues-del-confinami
ento-por-la-covid-19Nieuwenhuijsen MJ (2020) Urban and transport planning pathways to carbon neutral, liveable and
healthy cities; A review of the current evidence. Environ Int 140:105661. [2020-08-12]. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105661
Ogen Y (2020) Assessing nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) levels as a contributing factor to coronavirus
(COVID-19) fatality. Sci Total Environ 726:138605. [2020-08-12]. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sci
totenv.2020.138605
Polis Network (2020) COVID-19: Keeping things moving—polis network. [2020-08-12]. https://
www.polisnetwork.eu/document/covid-19-keeping-things-moving/
Setti L, Passarini F, de Gennaro G et al (2020) Evaluation of the potential relationship between
Particulate Matter (PM) pollution and COVID-19 infection spread in Italy. SIMA position
paper [2020-08-12]. http://www.simaonlus.it/wpsima/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/COVID_19_
position-paper_ENG.pdf
Van Kempen E, Casas M, Pershagen G et al (2018) Who environmental noise guidelines for the
european region: a systematic review on environmental noise and cardiovascular and metabolic
effects: a summary. Int J Environ Res Public Health 15(2):1–59. [2020-08-12]. https://doi.org/
10.3390/ijerph15020379
World Health Organization (2018) Physical activity. Fact sheet. [2020-08-12]. https://www.who.
int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/physical-activity
Wu X, Nethery RC, Sabath BM et al. (2020) Exposure to air pollution and COVID-19 mortality in
the United States. MedRxiv [2020-08-12]. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.05.20054502