11 Toward Industrialization of Ionic Liquids
267
Table 11.1 Implemented ionic liquid applications by March 2019 (pilot or commercial)
No. Ionic liquid isÖ
Company
Process / Application
Status
1
Activating solvent
Axens
Olefin dimerization (Difasol process)
Pilot
2
Activating solvent
BASF
Chlorination (nucleophilic HCl)
Comm.
3
Auxiliary
BASF
Acid scavenging (BASILô process )
Comm.
4
Auxiliary
BASF
Azeotrope cleavage by extractive distillation
Pilot
5
Catalyst
Chevron / honeywell UOP Alkylation (ISOALKYô technology)
Pilot**
6
Catalyst
PetroChina
Alkylation (Ionikylation process)
Comm.
7
Electrolyte
C-Tech Innovation
Aluminum electroplating
Pilot
8
Electrolyte
G24 power
Dye sensitized solar cell
Comm.
9
Electrolyte
H.Glass
Dye sensitized solar cell
Pilot
10 Electrolyte
IoLiTec
Aluminum electroplating
Pilot
11 Electrolyte
IoLiTec
Electrochromic windows
Pilot
12 Electrolyte
IoLiTec
Sensor-electrolyte
Comm.
13 Electrolyte
Nante nergy
Zink-air battery
Comm.
14 Electrolyte
Nohms
Lithium ion battery
Comm.
15 Electrolyte
Novasina
Gas sensor
Comm.
16 Electrolyte
Panasonic
Supercapacitor
Comm.
17 Electrolyte
Pionics
Lithium ion battery
Pilot
18 Electrolyte
Scionix
Metal plating and polishing
Pilot
19 Electrolyte
Xtalic
Nanostructured aluminum-alloy plating (XTALIUMô ) Pilot*
20 Electrolyte
Zapgo
Supercapacitor (Carbon-Ionô technology)
Pilot*
21 Intermediate
Proionic
Carbonate based IL synthesis (CBILSÆ process) Comm.
22 Lubricant
Kl¸ ber lubrication
Electroconductive lubrication
Comm.
23 Lubricant
Proionic
Gas compression
Comm.
24 Operating fluid
Operating fluid
Operating fluid
Operating fluid
Operating fluid
Operating fluid
BASF / evonik
Absorption cooling
Pilot
25
Evonik
Dehumidification
Pilot
26
Comm.
27
Linde / flowserve
Gas compression ("Ionic Compressor")
Mettop / proionic
High temperature metallurgical cooling (ILTEC)
Comm.
28
Proionic
Hydraulics for high temperature environment
Pilot
29
Proionic
Open sorption air condition
Pilot
30 Performance additive
Performance additive
Performance additive
Performance additive
Performance additive
Performance additive
Performance additive
Performance additive
3M
Antistatic polymers
Comm
31
BASF
Antistatic polymers
Comm.
32
Clariant
Selective hydrogenation (SCILL Catalyst)
Comm.
33
Evonik
Antistatic polymers
Comm.
34
IoLiTec
CO2-separation
Pilot
35
IoLiTec
Dispersing agent
Comm.
36
IoLiTec
Optical brightener
Comm.
37
IoLiTec
Protein stabilization
Pilot
38 Performance additive Wandres / IoLiTec
Cleaning fluid
Comm.
39 Process chemical
IoLiTec
Purification of materials for display technologies
Pilot
40 Reagent
Petronas
Mercury removal from natural gas (HycaPureô )
Comm.
41 Solvent
Arkema
Fluorination
Comm.
42 Solvent
BASF
Cellulose processing and reshaping
Pilot
43 Solvent
Chrysalix technologies
Softwood and agricultural waste deconstruction
Pilot
44 Solvent
Clariant
Water-gas shift reaction (SILP catalyst)
Pilot
45 Solvent
C-Tech Innovation
Recovering high-value polymers from waste
Pilot
46 Solvent
Evonik
Hydroformylation of C3/C4 feed (SILP catalyst)
Pilot
47 Solvent
IoLiTec
Synthesis of alcohols
Pilot
48 Solvent
IoLiTec
Synthesis of inorganic materials
Comm.
49 Solvent
Joint BioEnergy Institute One pot pretreatment-saccharification switchgrass Pilot
50 Solvent
Mari Signum
Chitin extraction from shell fish
Pilot
51 Solvent
Metsae spring
Staple fiber from wood-based paper pulp
Pilot*
52 Solvent
Natural fiber welding
Natural composites by fiber welding
Comm.
53 Solvent
Versum materials
Storage of hazardous gases (Gasguardô techn.) Comm.
54 Solvent & additive
IoLiTec
Redox-flow-electrolyte
Pilot
55 Solvent & reagent
IoLiTec
Gas purification
Pilot
56 Stationary phase
Supelco
Gas chromatography column
Comm.
57 Visualization reagent Hitachi high-tech
Scanning electron microscopy (HILEMÆ IL 1000)
Comm.
* Commercial in 2019; **Commercial in 2020
*Commercial in 2019; **Commercial in 2020