hardware-oriented program but a massive social
awareness campaign for the development of the
people as well as water as a scarce commodity.
The necessity of having safe water for health and
other purposes should be launched. No doubt,
those developmental resources have been initiated in the past but the needs of the future give a
new dimension to all activities in this field.
It may be emphasized that the distribution of
water is becoming more and more inequitable.
Non-availability of water is one of the main
reasons for migration of people from rural to
urban areas. This is also creating problems for
small marginal farmers to bare burden of development and livelihood on agricultural land. In
the long run, this inequitable distribution can
completely damage our economy unless we take
certain measures immediately. The measures
may be bitter today but will bear sweet fruits
tomorrow.
Water resources utilization and management
as a discipline involves the interests, perspectives
and methodologies of a number of biological,
physical and social sciences. These interests coexist toward enhancing its status as an academic
discipline with enormous planning-oriented
implications. Water being a fundamental value
for the basic organic survival, its role as a vital
ecological component is further high-lightened in
the biological and social life-support systems of
increasing complexity. Water resource management in the context of both theory and practice is
an attempt to successfully make use of the
hydrological potential available in a system
toward catering the demands exerted by the
system. The disciplinary fragmentation of interest involved in water resource management can
be broadly outlined in terms of the three major
scientific groupings of the physical, biological
and social sciences. The primary relationship of a
discipline to water is a function of its utility
value, as envisaged by the broad scientific perspectives on water resource management.
The contribution of National Environmental
Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur
is most significant in this field. National Institute
of Hydrology (NIH) Roorkee has a great contribution in water resource potential, management,
spatial distribution, monitoring, conservation and
management. In order to promote and coordinate
research and development policies for rural water
supply and sanitation, meeting was held at
Montreal in April 1974 with the participation of
the U.N. Secretariat, U.N.D.P., W.H.O., IBRD,
FAD, UNICEF, OECD and IDRC. The group
recommended a substantial reinforcement of the
international reference center for community
water supply in Voorbugh, Netherlands to promote and coordinate research and development
activity throughout the world.
Water resource management studies have,
therefore, been pursued with varying objectives
under different physical and social environments.
The fundamental concerns of all such studies
have been toward the provision of adequate
quantity and quality of water supply for the
sustenance, growth and development of rural and
urban systems. Future research should involve
more elaborate assessments of inputs from the
consumers and also at the managers that goes
into the decision-making calculus of the people
in their consumption behavior and attitude
toward water as an ecological social overhead
facility of the rural/urban systems.
References
Bates BC, Kundzewicz ZW, Wu S and Palutik JP (2008)
Climate Change and Water. Tech Pap Intergovernmental Panel Clim Change 33–48
Bhaduri B, Harbor J, Engel B and Grove M (2000)
Assessing watershed-scale, long-term hydrologic
impacts of land-use change using a GIS-NPS model.
Environ Manage 26(6):643–658
Blanco RI, Melodie Naja G, Rivero RGR, Price M (2013)
Spatial and temporal changes in groundwater salinity
in South Florida. Appl Geochem 38:48–58
CESCR - Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural
Rights (2000) General Comment 14: The right to the
highest attainable standard of health, 22nd Session of
the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural
Rights, U.N.Doc.E/C.12/2000/4
Edmunds WM, Shand P, Hart P, Ward RS (2003) The
natural (baseline) quality of groundwater: UK pilot
study, The Science of the Total Environment, Elsevier,
310, pp 25–35. Environmental profile of Muthurajawela and Negombo lagoon (1991). Grater Colombo
economic commission and Euroconsult, (The
Netherlands)
254
B. W. Pandey and S. Anand
awareness campaign for the development of the
people as well as water as a scarce commodity.
The necessity of having safe water for health and
other purposes should be launched. No doubt,
those developmental resources have been initiated in the past but the needs of the future give a
new dimension to all activities in this field.
It may be emphasized that the distribution of
water is becoming more and more inequitable.
Non-availability of water is one of the main
reasons for migration of people from rural to
urban areas. This is also creating problems for
small marginal farmers to bare burden of development and livelihood on agricultural land. In
the long run, this inequitable distribution can
completely damage our economy unless we take
certain measures immediately. The measures
may be bitter today but will bear sweet fruits
tomorrow.
Water resources utilization and management
as a discipline involves the interests, perspectives
and methodologies of a number of biological,
physical and social sciences. These interests coexist toward enhancing its status as an academic
discipline with enormous planning-oriented
implications. Water being a fundamental value
for the basic organic survival, its role as a vital
ecological component is further high-lightened in
the biological and social life-support systems of
increasing complexity. Water resource management in the context of both theory and practice is
an attempt to successfully make use of the
hydrological potential available in a system
toward catering the demands exerted by the
system. The disciplinary fragmentation of interest involved in water resource management can
be broadly outlined in terms of the three major
scientific groupings of the physical, biological
and social sciences. The primary relationship of a
discipline to water is a function of its utility
value, as envisaged by the broad scientific perspectives on water resource management.
The contribution of National Environmental
Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur
is most significant in this field. National Institute
of Hydrology (NIH) Roorkee has a great contribution in water resource potential, management,
spatial distribution, monitoring, conservation and
management. In order to promote and coordinate
research and development policies for rural water
supply and sanitation, meeting was held at
Montreal in April 1974 with the participation of
the U.N. Secretariat, U.N.D.P., W.H.O., IBRD,
FAD, UNICEF, OECD and IDRC. The group
recommended a substantial reinforcement of the
international reference center for community
water supply in Voorbugh, Netherlands to promote and coordinate research and development
activity throughout the world.
Water resource management studies have,
therefore, been pursued with varying objectives
under different physical and social environments.
The fundamental concerns of all such studies
have been toward the provision of adequate
quantity and quality of water supply for the
sustenance, growth and development of rural and
urban systems. Future research should involve
more elaborate assessments of inputs from the
consumers and also at the managers that goes
into the decision-making calculus of the people
in their consumption behavior and attitude
toward water as an ecological social overhead
facility of the rural/urban systems.
References
Bates BC, Kundzewicz ZW, Wu S and Palutik JP (2008)
Climate Change and Water. Tech Pap Intergovernmental Panel Clim Change 33–48
Bhaduri B, Harbor J, Engel B and Grove M (2000)
Assessing watershed-scale, long-term hydrologic
impacts of land-use change using a GIS-NPS model.
Environ Manage 26(6):643–658
Blanco RI, Melodie Naja G, Rivero RGR, Price M (2013)
Spatial and temporal changes in groundwater salinity
in South Florida. Appl Geochem 38:48–58
CESCR - Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural
Rights (2000) General Comment 14: The right to the
highest attainable standard of health, 22nd Session of
the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural
Rights, U.N.Doc.E/C.12/2000/4
Edmunds WM, Shand P, Hart P, Ward RS (2003) The
natural (baseline) quality of groundwater: UK pilot
study, The Science of the Total Environment, Elsevier,
310, pp 25–35. Environmental profile of Muthurajawela and Negombo lagoon (1991). Grater Colombo
economic commission and Euroconsult, (The
Netherlands)
254
B. W. Pandey and S. Anand