456
Bioreactor (cont.)
LRFD, 130
sludge, 131
solid biowaste, 130
water dynamic force, 130
Bioswales, 152
Boltzmann’s constant, 20, 47, 83, 109,
110, 120
Bose-Einstein (B-E) discrete photon
structure, 82, 101
Bose-Einstein discrete photonic
distribution, 82
Bose-Einstein photon dynamics, 418
Boussinesq approximation, 226
Bremsstrahlung, 98
Building sector
atmospheric CO 2 level, 130
environmental vulnerability, 129
fossil energy, 129
fossil fuel, 129
Building skin solar panel, 109, 112, 123
C
Capturing water vapor, 452
Carbon-based nano-adsorbents
heavy metal removal, 242
organic removal, 239, 241
regeneration and reuse cycles, 242
Carbon nanotubes (CNT), 131
Cartesian coordinate system, 15, 111, 112
Catalyst fixation, 270
Celestial body, 111
Cell’s short-circuit current motion, 109
Ceramic membranes, 258
Chemical vapor deposition (CVD), 248
Chick–Watson (C–W) model, 293, 294, 296
Chlorination, 262
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), 81, 418
Clean energy, 126, 337, 440, 443–446, 452
Clean energy production, 348, 349
Climate change, 149, 238, 382
CNT membranes, 248
CO 2 absorption, 385–386
CO 2 emission
and atmospheric impact, 389, 392
atmospheric, 382
balance, 383
burning, 382
fossil fuel, 383, 384, 387, 388, 390
growth rate of atmospheric CO 2
concentration, 386
land-use change, 384, 387, 388, 390
ocean CO 2 sink, 384, 385, 387, 389, 391
sequestration and absorption, 382
terrestrial vegetation and earth, 385–387,
389, 391
Cohesion-tension mechanism, 439
Colorimetric assays, 257
Commercial nanofiltration membranes, 248
Commercial utilization, 178
Community, see Sustainable cities
Computational fluid dynamic (CFD)
models, 202
Consuming rate, 234
Contaminant bacterial ignition, 399
Contaminants, 285, 286
Control design, 178
Conventional adsorbents, 239
Conventional energy, 14, 106
Conventional indicator systems, 256
Conventional infrastructure system, 149, 152
Conventional roof, 153
Conventional water treatment, 396, 401
Cooling and heating conversion mechanism, 418
Cooling mechanism
application, 81
cooling-state photon, 82
cool-state region, 89
DOS, 89–92
energies and discharges CO 2 , 82
PBG, 82, 92
PDOS, 89, 92
photodynamic modules, 82
photon element, 84
photon model, 83
photon structure, 91
photonic motion, 93
single-diode cooling state, 83, 84
solar energy, 82
Cooling mechanism, earth surface
EDOS, 426
1D and 2D earth surface, 424
photonic proliferations, 424
2D and 1D earth surface plane, 425
Cooling photon mode, 420
Cooling-state photon, 82, 418, 419, 421
Cost estimation, 167
Cost reduction, 172
Cost saving, 172
CoTe QDs, 258
Counteractive function, 96
COVID-19, 3–5, 8
Current–voltage relationship, 34
Curtain wall skin, 112
Custodial analysis, 226
Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD), 6
Index
Bioreactor (cont.)
LRFD, 130
sludge, 131
solid biowaste, 130
water dynamic force, 130
Bioswales, 152
Boltzmann’s constant, 20, 47, 83, 109,
110, 120
Bose-Einstein (B-E) discrete photon
structure, 82, 101
Bose-Einstein discrete photonic
distribution, 82
Bose-Einstein photon dynamics, 418
Boussinesq approximation, 226
Bremsstrahlung, 98
Building sector
atmospheric CO 2 level, 130
environmental vulnerability, 129
fossil energy, 129
fossil fuel, 129
Building skin solar panel, 109, 112, 123
C
Capturing water vapor, 452
Carbon-based nano-adsorbents
heavy metal removal, 242
organic removal, 239, 241
regeneration and reuse cycles, 242
Carbon nanotubes (CNT), 131
Cartesian coordinate system, 15, 111, 112
Catalyst fixation, 270
Celestial body, 111
Cell’s short-circuit current motion, 109
Ceramic membranes, 258
Chemical vapor deposition (CVD), 248
Chick–Watson (C–W) model, 293, 294, 296
Chlorination, 262
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), 81, 418
Clean energy, 126, 337, 440, 443–446, 452
Clean energy production, 348, 349
Climate change, 149, 238, 382
CNT membranes, 248
CO 2 absorption, 385–386
CO 2 emission
and atmospheric impact, 389, 392
atmospheric, 382
balance, 383
burning, 382
fossil fuel, 383, 384, 387, 388, 390
growth rate of atmospheric CO 2
concentration, 386
land-use change, 384, 387, 388, 390
ocean CO 2 sink, 384, 385, 387, 389, 391
sequestration and absorption, 382
terrestrial vegetation and earth, 385–387,
389, 391
Cohesion-tension mechanism, 439
Colorimetric assays, 257
Commercial nanofiltration membranes, 248
Commercial utilization, 178
Community, see Sustainable cities
Computational fluid dynamic (CFD)
models, 202
Consuming rate, 234
Contaminant bacterial ignition, 399
Contaminants, 285, 286
Control design, 178
Conventional adsorbents, 239
Conventional energy, 14, 106
Conventional indicator systems, 256
Conventional infrastructure system, 149, 152
Conventional roof, 153
Conventional water treatment, 396, 401
Cooling and heating conversion mechanism, 418
Cooling mechanism
application, 81
cooling-state photon, 82
cool-state region, 89
DOS, 89–92
energies and discharges CO 2 , 82
PBG, 82, 92
PDOS, 89, 92
photodynamic modules, 82
photon element, 84
photon model, 83
photon structure, 91
photonic motion, 93
single-diode cooling state, 83, 84
solar energy, 82
Cooling mechanism, earth surface
EDOS, 426
1D and 2D earth surface, 424
photonic proliferations, 424
2D and 1D earth surface plane, 425
Cooling photon mode, 420
Cooling-state photon, 82, 418, 419, 421
Cost estimation, 167
Cost reduction, 172
Cost saving, 172
CoTe QDs, 258
Counteractive function, 96
COVID-19, 3–5, 8
Current–voltage relationship, 34
Curtain wall skin, 112
Custodial analysis, 226
Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD), 6
Index