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© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
M. F. Hossain, Global Sustainability in Energy, Building, Infrastructure,
Transportation, and Water Technology,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62376-0_2
Chapter 2
Solar Energy
Abstract The present level of consumption of the reverse fuel on earth for powering the world is taking fossil fuel to a limited level and all the while fossil fuel burning is causing deadly environmental vulnerability as well. Inevitably, alternative
energy source must be needed in order to drive the modern world which is abundant
and benign to the environment. The use of solar energy in every sectors of our modern life will be an interesting option to power the modern world which is renewable
and abundant everywhere in the world. In this research, therefore, a calculative
mechanism has been conducted to harvest the global solar energy in order to present
a clean and renewable energy system for the world. Interestingly, the calculative
result depicted that the average energy density of solar energy on the surface of
earth is 1366 W/m
2
which has been determined by the calculated diameter of earth
of 10,000,000 of meridian at the North Pole to the equator and the radius of earth is
2/π × 10
7
m. Thus, the net energy of solar radiation reaching earth is calculated as
1366 × (4/π) × 10
14
≅ 1.73 × 10
17
W by computing that a day has 86,400 s, and a
year has 365.2422 days in average. Therefore, the net solar energy reaching earth
annually is 1.73 × 10
17
× 86,400 × 365.2422 ≅ 5.46 × 10
24
J which is equal to
5,460,000 EJ energy which is 10,000 times higher than the net current energy
demand on earth annually. Simply, utilization of solar energy could be an alternative
source of energy to satisfy the net power demand of the whole world, which is clean
and environmentally friendly.
Keywords Fossil fuel reserve limitation · Solar radiation · Alternative source of
energy · Net solar energy on earth · Clean energy technology · Meeting global
energy demand
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
M. F. Hossain, Global Sustainability in Energy, Building, Infrastructure,
Transportation, and Water Technology,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62376-0_2
Chapter 2
Solar Energy
Abstract The present level of consumption of the reverse fuel on earth for powering the world is taking fossil fuel to a limited level and all the while fossil fuel burning is causing deadly environmental vulnerability as well. Inevitably, alternative
energy source must be needed in order to drive the modern world which is abundant
and benign to the environment. The use of solar energy in every sectors of our modern life will be an interesting option to power the modern world which is renewable
and abundant everywhere in the world. In this research, therefore, a calculative
mechanism has been conducted to harvest the global solar energy in order to present
a clean and renewable energy system for the world. Interestingly, the calculative
result depicted that the average energy density of solar energy on the surface of
earth is 1366 W/m
2
which has been determined by the calculated diameter of earth
of 10,000,000 of meridian at the North Pole to the equator and the radius of earth is
2/π × 10
7
m. Thus, the net energy of solar radiation reaching earth is calculated as
1366 × (4/π) × 10
14
≅ 1.73 × 10
17
W by computing that a day has 86,400 s, and a
year has 365.2422 days in average. Therefore, the net solar energy reaching earth
annually is 1.73 × 10
17
× 86,400 × 365.2422 ≅ 5.46 × 10
24
J which is equal to
5,460,000 EJ energy which is 10,000 times higher than the net current energy
demand on earth annually. Simply, utilization of solar energy could be an alternative
source of energy to satisfy the net power demand of the whole world, which is clean
and environmentally friendly.
Keywords Fossil fuel reserve limitation · Solar radiation · Alternative source of
energy · Net solar energy on earth · Clean energy technology · Meeting global
energy demand