191
λ
λ
λ ω λ
d
d
d
q
q
q
d
d
d
q
q
L i
L i
L i
L i
V
Ri
d
dt
V
R
r
r r
m s
r
r r
m s
r
r r
r
r
r
r
r
=
+
=
+
=
+
+
= i i
d
dt
q
q
d
r
r
r
r
+
−
λ ω λ
(10.35)
In case of air gap flux leakage in the generation, the equations are further corrected as
λ
λ
d
d
d
q
q
q
L i
i
L i i
m
m
s
r
r
m
r
s
=
+
(
)
=
+
(
)
(10.36)
where R s , R r , L m , L ls , L lr , ω r , i d , i q , V d , V q , λ d , and λ q represent the stator winding resistance, motor winding resistance, magnetizing inductance, stator leakage inductance,
rotor leakage inductance, electrical rotor angular speed, current, voltage, and fluxes,
respectively, of the d–q model, respectively [32]. Then the net output power and torque
of turbine (T t ) in terms of rotational speed can be obtained by the following equations:
P
A C
R
w
p
opt
opt
,
=
( )
1
2
3
ρ
λβ
ω
λ
(10.37)
T
AC
R
t
p
opt
opt
,
=
( )
1
2
3
ρ
λβ λ
ω
(10.38)
The power coefficient (C p ) is a nonlinear function expressed by the fitting equation [51] in the form
C
c c
c
c
c
i
c
i
p
,
e
λ β
λ
β
λ
λ
( )=
−
−
+
−
1
2
3
4
1
6
1
5
(10.39)
with
1
1
0 08
0 035
1
3
λ λ
β β
i
= +
−
+
.
.
(10.40)
Finally, the output of the wind energy generator module is processed by an
energy conversion circuit diagram by implementing the converter of SimPower
Systems. The result of the circuit model generation electricity is calculated as volt
to power the vehicle (Fig. 10.8).
Results and Discussions
λ
λ
λ ω λ
d
d
d
q
q
q
d
d
d
q
q
L i
L i
L i
L i
V
Ri
d
dt
V
R
r
r r
m s
r
r r
m s
r
r r
r
r
r
r
r
=
+
=
+
=
+
+
= i i
d
dt
q
q
d
r
r
r
r
+
−
λ ω λ
(10.35)
In case of air gap flux leakage in the generation, the equations are further corrected as
λ
λ
d
d
d
q
q
q
L i
i
L i i
m
m
s
r
r
m
r
s
=
+
(
)
=
+
(
)
(10.36)
where R s , R r , L m , L ls , L lr , ω r , i d , i q , V d , V q , λ d , and λ q represent the stator winding resistance, motor winding resistance, magnetizing inductance, stator leakage inductance,
rotor leakage inductance, electrical rotor angular speed, current, voltage, and fluxes,
respectively, of the d–q model, respectively [32]. Then the net output power and torque
of turbine (T t ) in terms of rotational speed can be obtained by the following equations:
P
A C
R
w
p
opt
opt
,
=
( )
1
2
3
ρ
λβ
ω
λ
(10.37)
T
AC
R
t
p
opt
opt
,
=
( )
1
2
3
ρ
λβ λ
ω
(10.38)
The power coefficient (C p ) is a nonlinear function expressed by the fitting equation [51] in the form
C
c c
c
c
c
i
c
i
p
,
e
λ β
λ
β
λ
λ
( )=
−
−
+
−
1
2
3
4
1
6
1
5
(10.39)
with
1
1
0 08
0 035
1
3
λ λ
β β
i
= +
−
+
.
.
(10.40)
Finally, the output of the wind energy generator module is processed by an
energy conversion circuit diagram by implementing the converter of SimPower
Systems. The result of the circuit model generation electricity is calculated as volt
to power the vehicle (Fig. 10.8).
Results and Discussions