References
31
81. R.G. Wheeler, K. Laihing, W.L. Wilson, M.A. Duncan, J. Chem. Phys. 88, 2831–2839 (1988)
82. K. Laihing, P.Y. Cheng, M.A. Duncan, J. Phys. Chem. 91, 6521–6525 (1987)
83. S. Nonose, Y. Sone, K. Onodera, S. Sudo, K. Kaya, J. Phys. Chem. 94, 2744–2746 (1990)
84. C.S. Yeh, D.L. Robbins, J.S. Pilgrim, M.A. Duncan, Chem. Phys. Lett. 206, 509–514 (1993)
85. D. Bellert, T. Buthelezi, T. Hayes, P.J. Brucat, Chem. Phys. Lett. 277, 27–32 (1997)
86. L.R. Brock, A.M. Knight, J.E. Reddic, J.S. Pilgrim, M.A. Duncan, J. Chem. Phys. 106,
6268–6278 (1997)
87. B.C. Guo, K.P. Kerns, A.W. Castleman Jr., Science 255, 1411–1413 (1992)
88. B.C. Guo, S. Wei, J. Purnell, S. Buzza, A.W. Castleman Jr., Science 256, 515–516 (1992)
89. S. Wei, B.C. Guo, J. Purnell, S. Buzza, A.W. Castleman Jr., J. Phys. Chem. 96, 4166–4168
(1992)
90. S. Wei, B.C. Guo, J. Purnell, S. Buzza, A.W. Castleman Jr., Science 256, 818–820 (1992)
91. B.C. Guo, K.P. Kerns, A.W. Castleman Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115, 7415–7418 (1993)
92. S. Wei, B.C. Guo, J. Purnell, S.A. Buzza, A.W. Castleman Jr., J. Phys. Chem. 97, 9559–9561
(1993)
93. H.T. Deng, B.C. Guo, K.P. Kerns, A.W. Castleman Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes
138, 275–281 (1994)
94. J. Purnell, S. Wei, A.W. Castleman Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett. 229, 105–110 (1994)
95. K.P. Kerns, B.C. Guo, H.T. Deng, A.W. Castleman Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 117, 4026–4029
(1995)
96. H.T. Deng, K.P. Kerns, A.W. Castleman Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 118, 446–450 (1996)
97. H. Sakurai, A.W. Castleman Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A 101, 7695–7698 (1997)
98. H. Sakurai, A.W. Castleman Jr., J. Chem. Phys. 111, 1462–1466 (1999)
99. H. Sakurai, S.E. Kooi, A.W. Castleman Jr., J. Cluster Sci. 10, 493–507 (1999)
100. J.F. Ready, In Industrial Applications of Lasers (Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 1997)
101. D.G. Leopold, K.K. Murray, A.E.S. Miller, W.C. Lineberger, J. Chem. Phys. 83, 4849–4865
(1985)
102. D.G. Leopold, J. Ho, W.C. Lineberger, J. Chem. Phys. 86, 1715–1726 (1987)
103. J. Ho, K.M. Ervin, W.C. Lineberger, J. Chem. Phys. 93, 6987–7002 (1990)
104. D.M. Mattox, The Foundations of Vacuum Coating Technology (Noyes Publications/William
Andrew Publishing, Norwich, NY, 2003)
105. H. Haberland, M. Mall, M. Moseler, Y. Qiang, T. Reiners, Y.J. Thurner, Vac. Sci. Technol. A
Vac. Surf. Films 12, 2925–2930 (1994)
106. S. Pratontep, S.J. Carroll, C. Xirouchaki, M. Streun, R.E. Palmer, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 76,
045103 (2005)
107. Z. Luo, W.H. Woodward, J.C. Smith, A.W. Castleman Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 309, 176–181
(2012)
108. J.S. Chapin, Research/Development 25, 37–40 (1974)
109. Z. Luo, G.U. Gamboa, J.C. Smith, A.C. Reber, J.U. Reveles, S.N. Khanna, A.W. Castleman
Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134, 18973–18978 (2012)
110. Z.X. Luo, J.C. Smith, W.H. Woodward, A.W. Castleman Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A 116, 2012–2017
(2012)
111. M. Guo, B. Yin, B. Huang, H. Wu, Z. Luo, J. Mater. Chem. C (2020). https://doi.org10.1039/
D1030TC02296A
112. R. Morel, A. Brenac, P. Bayle-Guillemaud, C. Portemont, F. La Rizza, Eur. Phys. J. D 24,
287–290 (2003)
113. P.D. Davidse, L.I. Maissel, J. Appl. Phys. 37, 574–579 (1966)
114. Z. Shi, J.V. Ford, S. Wei, A.W. Castleman Jr., J. Chem. Phys. 99, 8009–8015 (1993)
115. J.M. Soler, N. García, O. Echt, K. Sattler, E. Recknagel, Phys. Rev. Lett. 49, 1857–1860
(1982)
116. P. Milani, W.A. Deheer, Phys. Rev. B 44, 8346–8348 (1991)
117. E.A. Rohlfing, J. Chem. Phys. 89, 6103–6112 (1988)
118. D.R. Lide, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 79th edn. (CRC, Boca Raton, FL, 1999)
119. R.B. Huang, Q. Zhang, H. Chen, L.S. Zheng, Eur. Phys. J. D 9, 253–256 (1999)
31
81. R.G. Wheeler, K. Laihing, W.L. Wilson, M.A. Duncan, J. Chem. Phys. 88, 2831–2839 (1988)
82. K. Laihing, P.Y. Cheng, M.A. Duncan, J. Phys. Chem. 91, 6521–6525 (1987)
83. S. Nonose, Y. Sone, K. Onodera, S. Sudo, K. Kaya, J. Phys. Chem. 94, 2744–2746 (1990)
84. C.S. Yeh, D.L. Robbins, J.S. Pilgrim, M.A. Duncan, Chem. Phys. Lett. 206, 509–514 (1993)
85. D. Bellert, T. Buthelezi, T. Hayes, P.J. Brucat, Chem. Phys. Lett. 277, 27–32 (1997)
86. L.R. Brock, A.M. Knight, J.E. Reddic, J.S. Pilgrim, M.A. Duncan, J. Chem. Phys. 106,
6268–6278 (1997)
87. B.C. Guo, K.P. Kerns, A.W. Castleman Jr., Science 255, 1411–1413 (1992)
88. B.C. Guo, S. Wei, J. Purnell, S. Buzza, A.W. Castleman Jr., Science 256, 515–516 (1992)
89. S. Wei, B.C. Guo, J. Purnell, S. Buzza, A.W. Castleman Jr., J. Phys. Chem. 96, 4166–4168
(1992)
90. S. Wei, B.C. Guo, J. Purnell, S. Buzza, A.W. Castleman Jr., Science 256, 818–820 (1992)
91. B.C. Guo, K.P. Kerns, A.W. Castleman Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115, 7415–7418 (1993)
92. S. Wei, B.C. Guo, J. Purnell, S.A. Buzza, A.W. Castleman Jr., J. Phys. Chem. 97, 9559–9561
(1993)
93. H.T. Deng, B.C. Guo, K.P. Kerns, A.W. Castleman Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes
138, 275–281 (1994)
94. J. Purnell, S. Wei, A.W. Castleman Jr., Chem. Phys. Lett. 229, 105–110 (1994)
95. K.P. Kerns, B.C. Guo, H.T. Deng, A.W. Castleman Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 117, 4026–4029
(1995)
96. H.T. Deng, K.P. Kerns, A.W. Castleman Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 118, 446–450 (1996)
97. H. Sakurai, A.W. Castleman Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A 101, 7695–7698 (1997)
98. H. Sakurai, A.W. Castleman Jr., J. Chem. Phys. 111, 1462–1466 (1999)
99. H. Sakurai, S.E. Kooi, A.W. Castleman Jr., J. Cluster Sci. 10, 493–507 (1999)
100. J.F. Ready, In Industrial Applications of Lasers (Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 1997)
101. D.G. Leopold, K.K. Murray, A.E.S. Miller, W.C. Lineberger, J. Chem. Phys. 83, 4849–4865
(1985)
102. D.G. Leopold, J. Ho, W.C. Lineberger, J. Chem. Phys. 86, 1715–1726 (1987)
103. J. Ho, K.M. Ervin, W.C. Lineberger, J. Chem. Phys. 93, 6987–7002 (1990)
104. D.M. Mattox, The Foundations of Vacuum Coating Technology (Noyes Publications/William
Andrew Publishing, Norwich, NY, 2003)
105. H. Haberland, M. Mall, M. Moseler, Y. Qiang, T. Reiners, Y.J. Thurner, Vac. Sci. Technol. A
Vac. Surf. Films 12, 2925–2930 (1994)
106. S. Pratontep, S.J. Carroll, C. Xirouchaki, M. Streun, R.E. Palmer, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 76,
045103 (2005)
107. Z. Luo, W.H. Woodward, J.C. Smith, A.W. Castleman Jr., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 309, 176–181
(2012)
108. J.S. Chapin, Research/Development 25, 37–40 (1974)
109. Z. Luo, G.U. Gamboa, J.C. Smith, A.C. Reber, J.U. Reveles, S.N. Khanna, A.W. Castleman
Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134, 18973–18978 (2012)
110. Z.X. Luo, J.C. Smith, W.H. Woodward, A.W. Castleman Jr., J. Phys. Chem. A 116, 2012–2017
(2012)
111. M. Guo, B. Yin, B. Huang, H. Wu, Z. Luo, J. Mater. Chem. C (2020). https://doi.org10.1039/
D1030TC02296A
112. R. Morel, A. Brenac, P. Bayle-Guillemaud, C. Portemont, F. La Rizza, Eur. Phys. J. D 24,
287–290 (2003)
113. P.D. Davidse, L.I. Maissel, J. Appl. Phys. 37, 574–579 (1966)
114. Z. Shi, J.V. Ford, S. Wei, A.W. Castleman Jr., J. Chem. Phys. 99, 8009–8015 (1993)
115. J.M. Soler, N. García, O. Echt, K. Sattler, E. Recknagel, Phys. Rev. Lett. 49, 1857–1860
(1982)
116. P. Milani, W.A. Deheer, Phys. Rev. B 44, 8346–8348 (1991)
117. E.A. Rohlfing, J. Chem. Phys. 89, 6103–6112 (1988)
118. D.R. Lide, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 79th edn. (CRC, Boca Raton, FL, 1999)
119. R.B. Huang, Q. Zhang, H. Chen, L.S. Zheng, Eur. Phys. J. D 9, 253–256 (1999)