Core Brassicaceae
Aethionemeae
Cleomaceae
Capparaceae
Pentadiplandraceae
Gyrostemnonaceae
Resedaceae
Emblingaceae
Koeberlinaceae
Bataceae
Limnanthaceae
Moringaceae
Caricaceae
Tropaeolaceae
Akaniaceae
Nepheroniini
Leptosiaini
Teracolini
Anthocharidini
Elodini
Appiadina
Aporiina
Pierina
Arabidopsis sp.
Cleome sp.
Capparis sp.
Limnanthes sp.
Carica sp.
Delias sp.
Anthrocharis sp.
Belenois sp.
Pontia sp.
Pieris sp.
Origin of Met
Glucosinolates
Novel Structural
Elaborations
Speciation
Rate Shift
WGD
Origin of Indolic
Glucosinolates
Origin of BrassicalesFeeding pierids
Capp./Cleo.
Brassicaceae
Basal Brassicales
Non-Brassicales
Unknown
Speciation
Rate Shift
key to Symbols
3,615
45
300
480
1
1
1
18
75
2
8
12
34
95
2
4
10
9
3
47
16
2
2
17
16
16
3
4
26
43
10
30
30
441
5
28
3
17
3
3
1
14
2
1
22
100
75
50
25
0
II
VII
V
IV
I
III
VI
Pierinae
Herbivores
Millions of Years
Brassicales
Host-plants
β
α
Hostplant usage
Species
Clade
Fig. 3 A chronogram of Brassicales families (upper) and Pierinae butterfly genera (lower),
matching the emergence events and adaptive radions of butterflies, host-plants, and their chemical
3 Coevolution: Plant-Herbivore Interactions and Secondary Metabolites of Plants
59