28. Zavala JA, Patankar AG, Gase K, Baldwin IT (2004) Constitutive and inducible trypsin
proteinase inhibitor production incurs large fitness costs in Nicotiana attenuata. Proc Natl
Acad Sci U S A 101:1607–1612
29. Howe GA, Jander G (2008) Plant immunity to insect herbivores. Annu Rev Plant Biol
59:41–66
30. Ibrahim M, Nadir M, Ali A, Ahmad VU, Rasheed M (2013) Phytochemical analyses of
Prosopis juliflora Swartz DC. Pak J Bot 45:2101–2104
31. Aqeel A, Khursheed AK, Viqaruddin A, Sabiha Q (1989) Antimicrobial activity of
julifloricine isolated from Prosopis juliflora. Arzneimittelforschung 39:652–655
32. Ahmad V, Basha A, Haque W (1978) New alkaloids from Prosopis juliflora DC. Z
Naturforschung 33:347–348
33. Ahmad A, Khursheed A, Sabiha Q, Viqaruddin A (1989) Antifungal activity of some
hydrosoluble Prosopis juliflora alkaloids. Fitoterapia 60:86–89
34. Nakano H, Nakajima E, Hiradate S, Fujii Y, Yamada K, Shigemori H, Hasegawa K (2004)
Growth inhibitory alkaloids from mesquite (Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC.) leaves. Phytochemistry 65:587–591
35. Sirmah P, Dumarçay S, Masson E, Gérardin P (2009) Unusual amount of (À)-mesquitol from
the heartwood of Prosopis juliflora. Nat Prod Res 23:183–189
36. Chellamuthu V, Balasusbramanian TN, Rajarajan A, Palaniappan SP (1997) Allelopathic
influence of Prosopis juliflora (Swartz) DC. on field crops. Allelopathy J 4:291–302
37. Abbasi T, Abbasi SA (2011) Sources of pollution in rooftop rainwater harvesting systems and
their control. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol 41:2097–2167
38. Nakano H, Fujii Y, Suzuki T, Yamada K, Kosemura S, Yamamura S, Suzuki T, Hasegawa K
(2001) A growth-inhibitory substance exuded from freeze-dried mesquite (Prosopis juliflora
(Sw.) DC.) leaves. Plant Growth Regul 33:165–168
39. Nakano H, Fujii Y, Yamada K, Kosemura S, Yamamura S, Hasegawa K, Suzuki T (2002)
Isolation and identification of plant growth inhibitors as candidate(s) for allelopathic substance
(s), from aqueous leachate from mesquite (Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC.) leaves. Plant Growth
Regul 37:113–117
40. Nakano H, Nakajima E, Fujii Y, Yamada K, Shigemori H, Hasegawa K (2003) Leaching of the
allelopathic substance, L-tryptophan from the foliage of mesquite (Prosopis juliflora (Sw.)
DC.) plants by water spraying. Plant Growth Regul 40:49–52
41. Dewick PM (2002) Medicinal natural products: a biosynthetic approach. Wiley, Great Britain
42. Wink M, Schimmer O (2010) Molecular modes of action of defensive secondary metabolites,
vol 2. Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester
43. Wink M (2003) Evolution of secondary metabolites from an ecological and molecular
phylogenetic perspective. Phytochemistry 64:3–19
44. William K, Jafri L (2015) Mesquite (Prosopis juliflora): livestock grazing, its toxicity and
management. Bioresour Technol 2:49–58
45. Inderjit STR, Callaway RM, Pollock JL, Kaur J (2008) Allelopathy and plant invasions:
traditional, congeneric, and bio-geographical approaches. Biol Invasions 10:875–890
46. Siddiqui S, Bhardwaj S, Saeed Khan S, Kumar Meghvanshi M (2009) Allelopathic effect of
different concentration of water extract of Prosopsis juliflora leaf on seed germination and
radicle length of wheat (Triticum aestivum Var-Lok-1). Am-Eurasian J Sci Res 4:81–84
47. Cavalcante GM, Moreira AFC, Vasconcelos SD (2006) Potencialidade inseticida de extratos
aquosos de essências florestais sobre mosca-branca. Pesqui Agropecu Bras 41:9–14
48. Raghavendra MP, Satish S, Raveesha KA (2009) Alkaloid extracts of Prosopis juliflora (Sw.)
DC. (Mimosaceae) against Alternaria alternata. J Biopest 2:56–59
49. Ikram N, Dawar S (2013) Effect of Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. in the control of root rot fungi
of cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata L.) and mung bean [Vigna Radiata (L.) Wilczek]. Pak J Bot
45:649–654
50. Hughes JB, Sousa JS, Barreto RA, Silva AR, Souza CS, Silva VDA, Silva BMP, Freitas
SRVB, Costa MFD, EL-Bacha RS, Batatinha MJM, Tardy M, Velozo ES, Costa SL (2005)
22 Prosopis juliflora: Phytochemical, Toxicological, and Allelochemicals
537
proteinase inhibitor production incurs large fitness costs in Nicotiana attenuata. Proc Natl
Acad Sci U S A 101:1607–1612
29. Howe GA, Jander G (2008) Plant immunity to insect herbivores. Annu Rev Plant Biol
59:41–66
30. Ibrahim M, Nadir M, Ali A, Ahmad VU, Rasheed M (2013) Phytochemical analyses of
Prosopis juliflora Swartz DC. Pak J Bot 45:2101–2104
31. Aqeel A, Khursheed AK, Viqaruddin A, Sabiha Q (1989) Antimicrobial activity of
julifloricine isolated from Prosopis juliflora. Arzneimittelforschung 39:652–655
32. Ahmad V, Basha A, Haque W (1978) New alkaloids from Prosopis juliflora DC. Z
Naturforschung 33:347–348
33. Ahmad A, Khursheed A, Sabiha Q, Viqaruddin A (1989) Antifungal activity of some
hydrosoluble Prosopis juliflora alkaloids. Fitoterapia 60:86–89
34. Nakano H, Nakajima E, Hiradate S, Fujii Y, Yamada K, Shigemori H, Hasegawa K (2004)
Growth inhibitory alkaloids from mesquite (Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC.) leaves. Phytochemistry 65:587–591
35. Sirmah P, Dumarçay S, Masson E, Gérardin P (2009) Unusual amount of (À)-mesquitol from
the heartwood of Prosopis juliflora. Nat Prod Res 23:183–189
36. Chellamuthu V, Balasusbramanian TN, Rajarajan A, Palaniappan SP (1997) Allelopathic
influence of Prosopis juliflora (Swartz) DC. on field crops. Allelopathy J 4:291–302
37. Abbasi T, Abbasi SA (2011) Sources of pollution in rooftop rainwater harvesting systems and
their control. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol 41:2097–2167
38. Nakano H, Fujii Y, Suzuki T, Yamada K, Kosemura S, Yamamura S, Suzuki T, Hasegawa K
(2001) A growth-inhibitory substance exuded from freeze-dried mesquite (Prosopis juliflora
(Sw.) DC.) leaves. Plant Growth Regul 33:165–168
39. Nakano H, Fujii Y, Yamada K, Kosemura S, Yamamura S, Hasegawa K, Suzuki T (2002)
Isolation and identification of plant growth inhibitors as candidate(s) for allelopathic substance
(s), from aqueous leachate from mesquite (Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC.) leaves. Plant Growth
Regul 37:113–117
40. Nakano H, Nakajima E, Fujii Y, Yamada K, Shigemori H, Hasegawa K (2003) Leaching of the
allelopathic substance, L-tryptophan from the foliage of mesquite (Prosopis juliflora (Sw.)
DC.) plants by water spraying. Plant Growth Regul 40:49–52
41. Dewick PM (2002) Medicinal natural products: a biosynthetic approach. Wiley, Great Britain
42. Wink M, Schimmer O (2010) Molecular modes of action of defensive secondary metabolites,
vol 2. Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester
43. Wink M (2003) Evolution of secondary metabolites from an ecological and molecular
phylogenetic perspective. Phytochemistry 64:3–19
44. William K, Jafri L (2015) Mesquite (Prosopis juliflora): livestock grazing, its toxicity and
management. Bioresour Technol 2:49–58
45. Inderjit STR, Callaway RM, Pollock JL, Kaur J (2008) Allelopathy and plant invasions:
traditional, congeneric, and bio-geographical approaches. Biol Invasions 10:875–890
46. Siddiqui S, Bhardwaj S, Saeed Khan S, Kumar Meghvanshi M (2009) Allelopathic effect of
different concentration of water extract of Prosopsis juliflora leaf on seed germination and
radicle length of wheat (Triticum aestivum Var-Lok-1). Am-Eurasian J Sci Res 4:81–84
47. Cavalcante GM, Moreira AFC, Vasconcelos SD (2006) Potencialidade inseticida de extratos
aquosos de essências florestais sobre mosca-branca. Pesqui Agropecu Bras 41:9–14
48. Raghavendra MP, Satish S, Raveesha KA (2009) Alkaloid extracts of Prosopis juliflora (Sw.)
DC. (Mimosaceae) against Alternaria alternata. J Biopest 2:56–59
49. Ikram N, Dawar S (2013) Effect of Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. in the control of root rot fungi
of cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata L.) and mung bean [Vigna Radiata (L.) Wilczek]. Pak J Bot
45:649–654
50. Hughes JB, Sousa JS, Barreto RA, Silva AR, Souza CS, Silva VDA, Silva BMP, Freitas
SRVB, Costa MFD, EL-Bacha RS, Batatinha MJM, Tardy M, Velozo ES, Costa SL (2005)
22 Prosopis juliflora: Phytochemical, Toxicological, and Allelochemicals
537