5 Water Resources of Stagnant Waters
83
District – 2.3535 km
3 (11.93%), and area south of the delineated range of the last
glaciation – 0.1339 km
3 (0.68%).
Retention capacities were prepared based on the outlines of maps at a scale of
1:50,000 for more than 200 sheets of topographic maps. The determined retention
capacity for the area north of the line delimiting the maximum range of the last
glaciation is 162 mm. The greatest resources within the Masurian Lake District
occur in the following catchments: W˛ egorapa (404 A) – 1976 mm, Biała Ha´ ncza
(407) – 958 mm, and Pisa (227 A) – 893 mm; and in the Pomeranian Lake District
in catchments of: Drawa (119 D) – 389 mm, Wda (237 B) – 196 mm, and in the
Przymorze catchment from Wieprza to Słupia (310) – 184 mm. Within the Greater
Poland-Kujavian Lake District, lake catchments retain considerably less waters, and
the most abundant ones include: Vistula from Bzura to Skrwa (233 A) – 173 mm,
Warta from Wełna to Obra (118 G) – 141 mm, and Note´ c to Gwda (119 A) – 116 mm.
Zones with the lowest retention capacity, i.e. up to 50 mm, are located in valleys of the
largest rivers with the adjacent areas, and coasts: Gda´ nsk, East Baltic, Szczecin, and
the southern part of the Koszalin Coast. Mean retention capacity determined within
the three lake districts is exceptionally variable. In the case of the Masurian Lake
District, it is 283 mm, for the Pomeranian Lake District the index equals 150 mm,
and for the Greater Poland-Kujavian Lake District only 58 mm. The division of the
total volume of water resources of the lakes by the surface area of Poland provided
a water layer of 63 mm. It constitutes only 10% of mean annual precipitation, and
the value is approximately 3.5 times smaller than the amount of mean outflow from
the territory of Poland.
5.7 Recommendations
Determining the volume of available water resources is of key importance in water
resources management and also in defining the thermal budget of water, flood protection capabilities, fish farming and agriculture. The issues discussed should be of
interest to a wide spectrum of researchers, decision makers and policy planners.
References
1. Choi´ nski A (2006) Katalog jezior Polski (Catalogue of Polish Lakes). Adam Mickiewicz
University Press, Pozna´ n, p 600 (in Polish)
2. Ja´ nczak J (1984) Wst˛ epna ocena zasobów wodnych jezior Polski. Czasopismo Geograficzne
54(4):441–451
3. Hydrographic Division of Poland (1980) Part. II, Map 1: 200 000, IMiGW, Warszawa
4. Kondracki J (2009) Geografia regionalna Polski (Regional geography of Poland).
Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa, p 441 (in Polish)
5. World Water Balance and Water Resources of the Earth (1978) UNESCO, Paris
6. Choi´ nski A (2000) Jeziora kuli ziemskiej. Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa
83
District – 2.3535 km
3 (11.93%), and area south of the delineated range of the last
glaciation – 0.1339 km
3 (0.68%).
Retention capacities were prepared based on the outlines of maps at a scale of
1:50,000 for more than 200 sheets of topographic maps. The determined retention
capacity for the area north of the line delimiting the maximum range of the last
glaciation is 162 mm. The greatest resources within the Masurian Lake District
occur in the following catchments: W˛ egorapa (404 A) – 1976 mm, Biała Ha´ ncza
(407) – 958 mm, and Pisa (227 A) – 893 mm; and in the Pomeranian Lake District
in catchments of: Drawa (119 D) – 389 mm, Wda (237 B) – 196 mm, and in the
Przymorze catchment from Wieprza to Słupia (310) – 184 mm. Within the Greater
Poland-Kujavian Lake District, lake catchments retain considerably less waters, and
the most abundant ones include: Vistula from Bzura to Skrwa (233 A) – 173 mm,
Warta from Wełna to Obra (118 G) – 141 mm, and Note´ c to Gwda (119 A) – 116 mm.
Zones with the lowest retention capacity, i.e. up to 50 mm, are located in valleys of the
largest rivers with the adjacent areas, and coasts: Gda´ nsk, East Baltic, Szczecin, and
the southern part of the Koszalin Coast. Mean retention capacity determined within
the three lake districts is exceptionally variable. In the case of the Masurian Lake
District, it is 283 mm, for the Pomeranian Lake District the index equals 150 mm,
and for the Greater Poland-Kujavian Lake District only 58 mm. The division of the
total volume of water resources of the lakes by the surface area of Poland provided
a water layer of 63 mm. It constitutes only 10% of mean annual precipitation, and
the value is approximately 3.5 times smaller than the amount of mean outflow from
the territory of Poland.
5.7 Recommendations
Determining the volume of available water resources is of key importance in water
resources management and also in defining the thermal budget of water, flood protection capabilities, fish farming and agriculture. The issues discussed should be of
interest to a wide spectrum of researchers, decision makers and policy planners.
References
1. Choi´ nski A (2006) Katalog jezior Polski (Catalogue of Polish Lakes). Adam Mickiewicz
University Press, Pozna´ n, p 600 (in Polish)
2. Ja´ nczak J (1984) Wst˛ epna ocena zasobów wodnych jezior Polski. Czasopismo Geograficzne
54(4):441–451
3. Hydrographic Division of Poland (1980) Part. II, Map 1: 200 000, IMiGW, Warszawa
4. Kondracki J (2009) Geografia regionalna Polski (Regional geography of Poland).
Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa, p 441 (in Polish)
5. World Water Balance and Water Resources of the Earth (1978) UNESCO, Paris
6. Choi´ nski A (2000) Jeziora kuli ziemskiej. Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa