2 Water Resources and Management of Poland in SCOPUS Database
15
Liche´ nskie, Lake Ełk, Lake Gosławskie, Lake Le´ snias, Nyskie Lake, and Lake Słupca
[8–10].
2.4 Dams in Poland
Generally, dams are constructed for water storage in associated reservoirs, the control
of disasters (i.e., floods and droughts), and navigation purposes. The major dams in
Poland can be described as follows [11], viz., Name (capacity in 10
6 m
3 and maximum
depth in m): Le´ sna (16.8 and 35.8), Pilchowice (50.0 and 46.7), Złotniki (12.1 and
27.5), Otmuchów (130.5 and 18.4), Kozłowa Góra (17.6 and 6.5), Por˛ abka (27.2 and
21.2), Ro˙ znów (159.3 and 31.5), Czchów (12.0 and 9.5), Goczałkowice (161.3 and
13.0), Tresna (96.1 and 23.8), Solina (472.4 and 60.0), Włocławek (453.6 and 12.7),
Nysa (124.7 and 13.3), Sulejów (84.3 and 11.3), Słup (38.7 and 19.1), Cha´ ncza (24.2
and 12.8), Mietków (71.9 and 15.3), Bukówka (16.8 and 22.4), Dobromierz (11.4
and 26.7), Dobczyce (141.7 and 27.9), Jeziorsko (202.0 and 11.5), Dzier˙ zno Małe
(12.6 and 13.1), Czorsztyn (231.9 and 54.5), Nielisz (28.5 and 8.6), Wióry (35.0 and
23.4), and Sulejów (84.3 and 11.3).
2.5 Reservoirs in Poland
Generally, the reservoirs are used for the aims of water storage and supply, irrigation,
hydroelectric production, and land protection against flooding. Poland includes a
number of reservoirs such as Czorsztyn Reservoir in Dunajec; Dobczyce Reservoir
in Raba; Goczałkowice Reservoir in Vistula; Jeziorsko Reservoir in Warta; Koronowo
Reservoir in Brda; Nysa Reservoir in Nysa Kłodzka; Otmuchów Reservoir in Nysa
Kłodzka; Ro˙ znów Reservoir in Dunajec; Solina Reservoir in San; Turawa Reservoir
in Mała Panew; Włocławek Reservoir in Vistula; Zegrze Reservoir in Narew; ˙
Zywiec
Reservoir in Soła.
2.6 Water Management in Poland
The “Water Law” act of 1974 and a series of laws, regulations, and guidelines have
been established to handle the issues of water management in Poland [12]. For
instance, a framework for the river basin management was proposed in the late
1980s, followed by the initiation of Regional Water Management Boards (RWMBs)
in 1991. With a further modification of the sub-basin boundary agreement in 1999,
the RWMBs became responsible for the planning and co-ordination of the polish river
basins and lakes. The management of waterworks and wastewater treatment systems
was undertaken by counties and municipalities, whereas the water use tasks were
15
Liche´ nskie, Lake Ełk, Lake Gosławskie, Lake Le´ snias, Nyskie Lake, and Lake Słupca
[8–10].
2.4 Dams in Poland
Generally, dams are constructed for water storage in associated reservoirs, the control
of disasters (i.e., floods and droughts), and navigation purposes. The major dams in
Poland can be described as follows [11], viz., Name (capacity in 10
6 m
3 and maximum
depth in m): Le´ sna (16.8 and 35.8), Pilchowice (50.0 and 46.7), Złotniki (12.1 and
27.5), Otmuchów (130.5 and 18.4), Kozłowa Góra (17.6 and 6.5), Por˛ abka (27.2 and
21.2), Ro˙ znów (159.3 and 31.5), Czchów (12.0 and 9.5), Goczałkowice (161.3 and
13.0), Tresna (96.1 and 23.8), Solina (472.4 and 60.0), Włocławek (453.6 and 12.7),
Nysa (124.7 and 13.3), Sulejów (84.3 and 11.3), Słup (38.7 and 19.1), Cha´ ncza (24.2
and 12.8), Mietków (71.9 and 15.3), Bukówka (16.8 and 22.4), Dobromierz (11.4
and 26.7), Dobczyce (141.7 and 27.9), Jeziorsko (202.0 and 11.5), Dzier˙ zno Małe
(12.6 and 13.1), Czorsztyn (231.9 and 54.5), Nielisz (28.5 and 8.6), Wióry (35.0 and
23.4), and Sulejów (84.3 and 11.3).
2.5 Reservoirs in Poland
Generally, the reservoirs are used for the aims of water storage and supply, irrigation,
hydroelectric production, and land protection against flooding. Poland includes a
number of reservoirs such as Czorsztyn Reservoir in Dunajec; Dobczyce Reservoir
in Raba; Goczałkowice Reservoir in Vistula; Jeziorsko Reservoir in Warta; Koronowo
Reservoir in Brda; Nysa Reservoir in Nysa Kłodzka; Otmuchów Reservoir in Nysa
Kłodzka; Ro˙ znów Reservoir in Dunajec; Solina Reservoir in San; Turawa Reservoir
in Mała Panew; Włocławek Reservoir in Vistula; Zegrze Reservoir in Narew; ˙
Zywiec
Reservoir in Soła.
2.6 Water Management in Poland
The “Water Law” act of 1974 and a series of laws, regulations, and guidelines have
been established to handle the issues of water management in Poland [12]. For
instance, a framework for the river basin management was proposed in the late
1980s, followed by the initiation of Regional Water Management Boards (RWMBs)
in 1991. With a further modification of the sub-basin boundary agreement in 1999,
the RWMBs became responsible for the planning and co-ordination of the polish river
basins and lakes. The management of waterworks and wastewater treatment systems
was undertaken by counties and municipalities, whereas the water use tasks were