Conclusions and Future Perspectives
Sandra Pérez, Serge Chiron, Damià Barceló, Nicola Montemurro, and
Peter Eichhorn
Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 526
2 Presence of Drugs in Soils and Their Remediation . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 526
3 Presence, Uptake, and Metabolism of Drugs in Crops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 527
4 Toxicity in the Environment and Humans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 528
5 Methods for the Analysis of PhACs in Soil-Crops Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 529
Abstract During the course of this book, we have witnessed how wastewater
represents an important agronomic resource especially in areas of the world affected
by drought or where availability is usually limited. However, this practice raises
many fears not only in the environmental field but especially in the case of food
safety. In fact, wastewater represents the main source of diffusion of pharmaceutical
residues (including degradation products and metabolites) in the aquatic and terrestrial environment. For assessing the occurrence of drugs and related substances,
sensitive analytical methods have recently become available.
Keywords Agrosystems, Ecotoxicity, Human health, Metabolism,
Vermiremediation
S. Pérez (*), D. Barceló, N. Montemurro, and P. Eichhorn
ENFOCHEM, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment
and Water Research IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
e-mail: spsqam@cid.csic.es
S. Chiron
UMR HydroSciences 5569, HSM, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
Sandra Pérez Solsona, Nicola Montemurro, Serge Chiron, and Damià Barceló (eds.),
Interaction and Fate of Pharmaceuticals in Soil-Crop Systems: The Impact of
Reclaimed Wastewater, Hdb Env Chem (2021) 103: 525–530, DOI 10.1007/698_2020_655,
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020, Published online: 21 August 2020
525
Sandra Pérez, Serge Chiron, Damià Barceló, Nicola Montemurro, and
Peter Eichhorn
Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 526
2 Presence of Drugs in Soils and Their Remediation . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 526
3 Presence, Uptake, and Metabolism of Drugs in Crops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 527
4 Toxicity in the Environment and Humans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 528
5 Methods for the Analysis of PhACs in Soil-Crops Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 529
Abstract During the course of this book, we have witnessed how wastewater
represents an important agronomic resource especially in areas of the world affected
by drought or where availability is usually limited. However, this practice raises
many fears not only in the environmental field but especially in the case of food
safety. In fact, wastewater represents the main source of diffusion of pharmaceutical
residues (including degradation products and metabolites) in the aquatic and terrestrial environment. For assessing the occurrence of drugs and related substances,
sensitive analytical methods have recently become available.
Keywords Agrosystems, Ecotoxicity, Human health, Metabolism,
Vermiremediation
S. Pérez (*), D. Barceló, N. Montemurro, and P. Eichhorn
ENFOCHEM, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment
and Water Research IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
e-mail: spsqam@cid.csic.es
S. Chiron
UMR HydroSciences 5569, HSM, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
Sandra Pérez Solsona, Nicola Montemurro, Serge Chiron, and Damià Barceló (eds.),
Interaction and Fate of Pharmaceuticals in Soil-Crop Systems: The Impact of
Reclaimed Wastewater, Hdb Env Chem (2021) 103: 525–530, DOI 10.1007/698_2020_655,
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020, Published online: 21 August 2020
525