179. Han L, Matarrita J, Sapozhnikova Y, Lehotay SJ (2016) Evaluation of a recent product to
remove lipids and other matrix co-extractives in the analysis of pesticide residues and
environmental contaminants in foods. J Chromatogr A 1449:17–29
180. Brown GG, Doube BM, Edwards C (2004) Functional interactions between earthworms,
microorganisms, organic matter, and plants. Earthworm Ecol 2:213–239
181. Montemurro N, Joedicke J, Pérez S (2020) Development and application of a QuEChERS
method with liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight-mass spectrometry for the
determination of 50 wastewater-borne pollutants in earthworms exposed through treated
wastewater. Chemosphere (CHEM74458, under review)
182. Carter LJ, Ryan JJ, Boxall AB (2016) Effects of soil properties on the uptake of pharmaceuticals into earthworms. Environ Pollut 213:922–931
183. Kinney CA, Furlong ET, Kolpin DW, Burkhardt MR, Zaugg SD, Werner SL, Bossio JP,
Benotti MJ (2008) Bioaccumulation of pharmaceuticals and other anthropogenic waste indicators in earthworms from agricultural soil amended with biosolid or swine manure. Environ
Sci Technol 42(6):1863–1870
184. Suthar S (2008) Metal remediation from partially composted distillery sludge using
composting earthworm Eisenia fetida. J Environ Monit 10(9):1099–1106
185. Suthar S, Singh S (2009) Bioconcentrations of metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb) in earthworms (Eisenia
fetida), inoculated in municipal sewage sludge: do earthworms pose a possible risk of
terrestrial food chain contamination? Environ Toxicol 24(1):25–32
186. Jager T, Fleuren RH, Hogendoorn EA, De Korte G (2003) Elucidating the routes of exposure
for organic chemicals in the earthworm, Eisenia andrei (Oligochaeta). Environ Sci Technol 37
(15):3399–3404
187. Saranraj P, Stella D (2012) Vermicomposting and its importance in improvement of soil
nutrients and agricultural crops. Novus Nat Sci Res 1(1):14–23
188. Pino MR, Val J, Mainar AM, Zuriaga E, Español C, Langa E (2015) Acute toxicological
effects on the earthworm Eisenia fetida of 18 common pharmaceuticals in artificial soil. Sci
Total Environ 518-519:225–237
189. Alves PRL, Cardoso EJBN, Martines AM, Sousa JP, Pasini A (2013) Earthworm ecotoxicological assessments of pesticides used to treat seeds under tropical conditions. Chemosphere
90(11):2674–2682
190. Rida AMMA, Bouché MB (1997) Earthworm toxicology: from acute to chronic tests. Soil
Biol Biochem 29(3–4):699–703
191. Carter LJ, Ryan JJ, Boxall AB (2016) Does uptake of pharmaceuticals vary across earthworm
species? Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 97(3):316–322
192. Macherius A, Lapen DR, Reemtsma T, Römbke J, Topp E, Coors A (2014) Triclocarban,
triclosan and its transformation product methyl triclosan in native earthworm species four
years after a commercial-scale biosolids application. Sci Total Environ 472:235–238
193. Spurgeon DJ, Hopkin SP (1996) Risk assessment of the threat of secondary poisoning by
metals to predators of earthworms in the vicinity of a primary smelting works. Sci Total
Environ 187(3):167–183
194. Salagovic J, Gilles J, Verschaeve L, Kalina I (1996) The comet assay for the detection of
genotoxic damage in the earthworms: a promising tool for assessing the biological hazards of
polluted sites. Folia Biol 42(1–2):17
195. Dı az-Cruz MS, López de Alda MJ, Barceló D (2003) Environmental behavior and analysis of
veterinary and human drugs in soils, sediments and sludge. TrAC Trends Anal Chem 22
(6):340–351
196. Hao C, Zhao X, Yang P (2007) GC-MS and HPLC-MS analysis of bioactive pharmaceuticals
and personal-care products in environmental matrices. TrAC Trends Anal Chem 26
(6):569–580
197. Białk-Bielińska A, Kumirska J, Palavinskas R, Stepnowski P (2009) Optimization of multiple
reaction monitoring mode for the trace analysis of veterinary sulfonamides by LC–MS/MS.
Talanta 80(2):947–953
490
R. Manasfi et al.
remove lipids and other matrix co-extractives in the analysis of pesticide residues and
environmental contaminants in foods. J Chromatogr A 1449:17–29
180. Brown GG, Doube BM, Edwards C (2004) Functional interactions between earthworms,
microorganisms, organic matter, and plants. Earthworm Ecol 2:213–239
181. Montemurro N, Joedicke J, Pérez S (2020) Development and application of a QuEChERS
method with liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight-mass spectrometry for the
determination of 50 wastewater-borne pollutants in earthworms exposed through treated
wastewater. Chemosphere (CHEM74458, under review)
182. Carter LJ, Ryan JJ, Boxall AB (2016) Effects of soil properties on the uptake of pharmaceuticals into earthworms. Environ Pollut 213:922–931
183. Kinney CA, Furlong ET, Kolpin DW, Burkhardt MR, Zaugg SD, Werner SL, Bossio JP,
Benotti MJ (2008) Bioaccumulation of pharmaceuticals and other anthropogenic waste indicators in earthworms from agricultural soil amended with biosolid or swine manure. Environ
Sci Technol 42(6):1863–1870
184. Suthar S (2008) Metal remediation from partially composted distillery sludge using
composting earthworm Eisenia fetida. J Environ Monit 10(9):1099–1106
185. Suthar S, Singh S (2009) Bioconcentrations of metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb) in earthworms (Eisenia
fetida), inoculated in municipal sewage sludge: do earthworms pose a possible risk of
terrestrial food chain contamination? Environ Toxicol 24(1):25–32
186. Jager T, Fleuren RH, Hogendoorn EA, De Korte G (2003) Elucidating the routes of exposure
for organic chemicals in the earthworm, Eisenia andrei (Oligochaeta). Environ Sci Technol 37
(15):3399–3404
187. Saranraj P, Stella D (2012) Vermicomposting and its importance in improvement of soil
nutrients and agricultural crops. Novus Nat Sci Res 1(1):14–23
188. Pino MR, Val J, Mainar AM, Zuriaga E, Español C, Langa E (2015) Acute toxicological
effects on the earthworm Eisenia fetida of 18 common pharmaceuticals in artificial soil. Sci
Total Environ 518-519:225–237
189. Alves PRL, Cardoso EJBN, Martines AM, Sousa JP, Pasini A (2013) Earthworm ecotoxicological assessments of pesticides used to treat seeds under tropical conditions. Chemosphere
90(11):2674–2682
190. Rida AMMA, Bouché MB (1997) Earthworm toxicology: from acute to chronic tests. Soil
Biol Biochem 29(3–4):699–703
191. Carter LJ, Ryan JJ, Boxall AB (2016) Does uptake of pharmaceuticals vary across earthworm
species? Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 97(3):316–322
192. Macherius A, Lapen DR, Reemtsma T, Römbke J, Topp E, Coors A (2014) Triclocarban,
triclosan and its transformation product methyl triclosan in native earthworm species four
years after a commercial-scale biosolids application. Sci Total Environ 472:235–238
193. Spurgeon DJ, Hopkin SP (1996) Risk assessment of the threat of secondary poisoning by
metals to predators of earthworms in the vicinity of a primary smelting works. Sci Total
Environ 187(3):167–183
194. Salagovic J, Gilles J, Verschaeve L, Kalina I (1996) The comet assay for the detection of
genotoxic damage in the earthworms: a promising tool for assessing the biological hazards of
polluted sites. Folia Biol 42(1–2):17
195. Dı az-Cruz MS, López de Alda MJ, Barceló D (2003) Environmental behavior and analysis of
veterinary and human drugs in soils, sediments and sludge. TrAC Trends Anal Chem 22
(6):340–351
196. Hao C, Zhao X, Yang P (2007) GC-MS and HPLC-MS analysis of bioactive pharmaceuticals
and personal-care products in environmental matrices. TrAC Trends Anal Chem 26
(6):569–580
197. Białk-Bielińska A, Kumirska J, Palavinskas R, Stepnowski P (2009) Optimization of multiple
reaction monitoring mode for the trace analysis of veterinary sulfonamides by LC–MS/MS.
Talanta 80(2):947–953
490
R. Manasfi et al.