Table 2
(continued)
Location
Experiment
type
Compound
Concentration
(ng/g)
a
Plant
species
Biosolids
application
rate
Findings
Reference
UK
50 pharmaceuticals (mainly antimicrobial) screened
ND
Sugar
beet
Oilseed
rape
Wheat
ND
No plant residues of 50 pharmaceuticals detected; biosolid application
rate and pharmaceutical loads not
done
[32]
USA
Greenhouse Carbamazepine (CBZ),
Salbutamol (SBT), Sulfamethoxazole (SFM), Trimethoprim (TRM)
93
30
67
25
Cabbage 2% w/w
(one
WWTP)
CBZ, SFM (not aerials), SBT
detected in cabbage. Biosolids
decreased frequency of SFM uptake
but not CBZ, SBT
[33]
Greenhouse Carbamazepine (CBZ)
Diphenhydramine (DPH)
Fluoxetine (FLX)
10,000
a
Soybean 5 t/ha (one
WWTP)
Biosolids led to greater uptake
(compared with pharmaceuticalirrigated soil) due to greater load but
reduced bioconcentration factor
[13]
a
Artificially spiked
184
L. J. Carter et al.