Table 1
Concentrations of prevalent PhACs and their transformation products (TPs) detected in agricultural soils irrigated with TWW
Compounds
Structure
TPs
a
Conc. (ng g
À1
)
Ref.
Analgesic
Acetaminophen
Hydroxy-acetaminophen
Hydroquinone
1,4-benzoquinone
N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone
imine p-acetanisidide
4-methoxyphenol
2-hexenoic acid
1,4-dimethoxybenzene
5.95
b
33.2
c
Biel-Maeso et al. [25]
Kinney et al. [19]
Li et al. [26]
a
Diclofenac
2,6-dichloroaniline
carboxylated 2-hydroxyphenylacetic acid
1-O-acylglucuronide
Hydroxy-diclofenac
di-hydroxy diclofenac
5.06
b
0.3–0.1; 0.2–0.2;
0.1–0.1
d
0.1–0.54
e
0.06–0.15
f
Biel-Maeso et al. [25]
Corada-Fernández et al. [27]
Dalkmann et al. [28]
Christou et al. [29]
Facey et al. [30]
a
Ibuprofen
4-Isobutyl-acetophenone
0.25
Æ 0.04
g
Durán-Alvarez et al. [31]
Vulava et al. [32]
a
Mefenamic acid
0.08–1.97
h
Biel-Maeso et al. [25]
148
M. Brienza et al.