Uptake and Effects of Pharmaceuticals in the Soil-Plant-Earthworm
System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Laura J. Carter, Mike Williams, and J. Brett Sallach
Metabolism of Pharmaceuticals in Plants and Their Associated
Microbiota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
Andre ´s Sauve ˆtre, Peter Eichhorn, and Sandra Pe ´rez
Part III Remediation and Impacts
Impact of PhACs on Soil Microorganisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Sara Gallego and Fabrice Martin-Laurent
Biomarkers in Earthworms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
Montserrat Sole ´
Vermiremediation of Pharmaceutical-Contaminated Soils and Organic
Amendments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
Juan C. Sanchez-Hernandez
Constructed Wetlands and Phytoremediation as a Tool for
Pharmaceutical Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377
Pedro N. Carvalho
Part IV Current Status of Analytical Methods
Development of Methods for the Determination of PhACs
in Soil/Earthworm/Crop System Irrigated with Reclaimed Water . . . . . 417
Rayana Manasfi, Francesc Labad, and Nicola Montemurro
Analytical Approaches for the Determination and Identification
of Drug Metabolites in Plants After Uptake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493
Franz Mlynek, Markus Himmelsbach, Wolfgang Buchberger,
and Christian W. Klampfl
Conclusions and Future Perspectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525
Sandra Pe ´rez, Serge Chiron, Dami a Barcelo ´, Nicola Montemurro,
and Peter Eichhorn
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