636
55. Wurzbacher JA, Gebald C, Piatkowski N, Steinfeld A (2012) Concurrent separation of CO 2
and H 2 O from air by a temperature vacuum swing adsorption/desorption cycle. Environ Sci
Technol 46:9191–9198
56. Goeppert A, Czaun M, Prakash GKS, Olah GA (2012) Air as the renewable carbon source of
the future: an overview of CO 2 capture from the atmosphere. Energy Environ Sci 5:7853–7833
57. The American Physical Society (2011) Direct air capture of CO 2 with chemicals; A technology assessment for the APS panel on public affairs. The American Physical Society, College
Park, MD
58. Mazzotti M, Baciocchi R, Desmond MJ, Socolow RH (2013) Direct air capture of CO 2 with
chemicals: optimization of a two-loop hydroxide carbonate system using a counter current
air-liquid contactor. Clim Chang 118:119–135
59. Lackner KS, Grimes P, Ziock H (1999) Carbon dioxide extraction from air? LAUR-99-5113.
Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM
60. Gebald C, Wurzbacher JA, Tingaut P, Zimmermann T, Steinfeld A (2011) Amine-based nanofibrillated cellulose as adsorbent for CO 2 capture from air. Environ Sci Technol 45:9101–9108
61. Zhu Q (2019) Developments on CO 2 -utilization technologies. Clean Energ 3:85–100
62. Yuan Z, Eden MR (2016) Toward the development and deployment of large-scale carbon
dioxide capture and conversion processes. Ind Eng Chem Res 55:3383–3419
63. Alper E, Yuksel-Orhan O (2017) CO 2 utilization: developments in conversion processes.
Petroleum 3:109–126
64. Ma J, Sun N, Zhang X, Zhao N, Xiao F, Wei W, Sun Y (2009) A short review of catalysis for
CO 2 conversion. Catal Today 148:221–231
65. Pérez-Fortes M, Schöneberger JC, Boulamanti A, Tzimas E (2016) Methanol synthesis using
captured CO 2 as raw material: techno-economic and environmental assessment. Appl Energy
161:718–732
66. Rosas-Hernandez A, Steinlechner C, Junge H, Beller M (2018) Photo- and electrochemical valorization of carbon dioxide using earth-abundant molecular catalysts. Top Curr
Chem 376:1
67. Leung C-F, Ho P-Y (2019) Molecular catalysis for utilizing CO 2 in fuel electro-generation
and in chemical feedstock. Catalysts 9:760
68. Quadrelli EA, Centi G, Duplan J-L, Perathoner S (2011) Carbon dioxide recycling: emerging
large-scale technologies with industrial potential. ChemSusChem 4:1194–1215
69. Guo W, Gónzalez-Fabra J, Bandeira NAG, Bo C, Kleij AW (2015) A metal-free synthesis of
N-aryl carbamates under ambient conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed 54:11686–11690
70. Fukuoka S, Kawamura M, Komiya K, Tojo M, Hachiya H, Hasegawa K, Aminaka M,
Okamoto H, Fukawa I, Konno S (2003) A novel non-phosgene polycarbonate production
process using by-product CO 2 as starting material. Green Chem 5:497–507
71. Maisonneuve L, Lamarzelle O, Rix E, Grau E, Cramail H (2015) Isocyanate-free routes to
polyurethanes and poly(hydroxy urethane)s. Chem Rev 115:12407–12439
72. Schäffner B, Schäffner F, Verevkin SP, Börner A (2010) Organic carbonates as solvents in
synthesis and catalysis. Chem Rev 110:4554–4581
73. Lawrenson SB, Arav R, North M (2017) The greening of peptide synthesis. Green Chem
19:1685–1691
74. Sakakura T, Kohno K (2009) The synthesis of organic carbonates from carbon dioxide. Chem
Commun:1312–1330
75. Guo W, Kuniyil R, Gómez JE, Maseras F, Kleij AW (2018) A domino process toward functionally dense quaternary carbons through Pd-catalyzed decarboxylative C(sp
3 )–C(sp
3
) bond
formation. J Am Chem Soc 140:3981–3987
76. Han L, Park M-S, Choi S-J, Kim Y-J, Lee S-M, Park D-W (2012) Incorporation of metal ions
into silica-grafted imidazolium-based ionic liquids to efficiently catalyze cycloaddition reactions of CO 2 and epoxides. Catal Lett 142:259–265
77. Chen F, Dong T, Chi Y, Xu Y, Hu C (2010) Transition-metal-substituted Keggin-type germanotungstates for catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide to cyclic carbonate. Catal Lett
139:38–41
R. Arunachalam et al.
55. Wurzbacher JA, Gebald C, Piatkowski N, Steinfeld A (2012) Concurrent separation of CO 2
and H 2 O from air by a temperature vacuum swing adsorption/desorption cycle. Environ Sci
Technol 46:9191–9198
56. Goeppert A, Czaun M, Prakash GKS, Olah GA (2012) Air as the renewable carbon source of
the future: an overview of CO 2 capture from the atmosphere. Energy Environ Sci 5:7853–7833
57. The American Physical Society (2011) Direct air capture of CO 2 with chemicals; A technology assessment for the APS panel on public affairs. The American Physical Society, College
Park, MD
58. Mazzotti M, Baciocchi R, Desmond MJ, Socolow RH (2013) Direct air capture of CO 2 with
chemicals: optimization of a two-loop hydroxide carbonate system using a counter current
air-liquid contactor. Clim Chang 118:119–135
59. Lackner KS, Grimes P, Ziock H (1999) Carbon dioxide extraction from air? LAUR-99-5113.
Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM
60. Gebald C, Wurzbacher JA, Tingaut P, Zimmermann T, Steinfeld A (2011) Amine-based nanofibrillated cellulose as adsorbent for CO 2 capture from air. Environ Sci Technol 45:9101–9108
61. Zhu Q (2019) Developments on CO 2 -utilization technologies. Clean Energ 3:85–100
62. Yuan Z, Eden MR (2016) Toward the development and deployment of large-scale carbon
dioxide capture and conversion processes. Ind Eng Chem Res 55:3383–3419
63. Alper E, Yuksel-Orhan O (2017) CO 2 utilization: developments in conversion processes.
Petroleum 3:109–126
64. Ma J, Sun N, Zhang X, Zhao N, Xiao F, Wei W, Sun Y (2009) A short review of catalysis for
CO 2 conversion. Catal Today 148:221–231
65. Pérez-Fortes M, Schöneberger JC, Boulamanti A, Tzimas E (2016) Methanol synthesis using
captured CO 2 as raw material: techno-economic and environmental assessment. Appl Energy
161:718–732
66. Rosas-Hernandez A, Steinlechner C, Junge H, Beller M (2018) Photo- and electrochemical valorization of carbon dioxide using earth-abundant molecular catalysts. Top Curr
Chem 376:1
67. Leung C-F, Ho P-Y (2019) Molecular catalysis for utilizing CO 2 in fuel electro-generation
and in chemical feedstock. Catalysts 9:760
68. Quadrelli EA, Centi G, Duplan J-L, Perathoner S (2011) Carbon dioxide recycling: emerging
large-scale technologies with industrial potential. ChemSusChem 4:1194–1215
69. Guo W, Gónzalez-Fabra J, Bandeira NAG, Bo C, Kleij AW (2015) A metal-free synthesis of
N-aryl carbamates under ambient conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed 54:11686–11690
70. Fukuoka S, Kawamura M, Komiya K, Tojo M, Hachiya H, Hasegawa K, Aminaka M,
Okamoto H, Fukawa I, Konno S (2003) A novel non-phosgene polycarbonate production
process using by-product CO 2 as starting material. Green Chem 5:497–507
71. Maisonneuve L, Lamarzelle O, Rix E, Grau E, Cramail H (2015) Isocyanate-free routes to
polyurethanes and poly(hydroxy urethane)s. Chem Rev 115:12407–12439
72. Schäffner B, Schäffner F, Verevkin SP, Börner A (2010) Organic carbonates as solvents in
synthesis and catalysis. Chem Rev 110:4554–4581
73. Lawrenson SB, Arav R, North M (2017) The greening of peptide synthesis. Green Chem
19:1685–1691
74. Sakakura T, Kohno K (2009) The synthesis of organic carbonates from carbon dioxide. Chem
Commun:1312–1330
75. Guo W, Kuniyil R, Gómez JE, Maseras F, Kleij AW (2018) A domino process toward functionally dense quaternary carbons through Pd-catalyzed decarboxylative C(sp
3 )–C(sp
3
) bond
formation. J Am Chem Soc 140:3981–3987
76. Han L, Park M-S, Choi S-J, Kim Y-J, Lee S-M, Park D-W (2012) Incorporation of metal ions
into silica-grafted imidazolium-based ionic liquids to efficiently catalyze cycloaddition reactions of CO 2 and epoxides. Catal Lett 142:259–265
77. Chen F, Dong T, Chi Y, Xu Y, Hu C (2010) Transition-metal-substituted Keggin-type germanotungstates for catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide to cyclic carbonate. Catal Lett
139:38–41
R. Arunachalam et al.