6.4.1L iner Selection
Selection is the first step. Essential to this step is ac arefula nalysiso ft he
materials to be handled, their concentrations, and operating conditions as
outlined in the beginning of this chapter.Considerationmust also be given to
the physical and mechanical properties of the liner to ensure that it meets the
specified operating conditions. If there is any doubt, corrosiontesting should
be undertaken to guarantee the resistance of the liner material.
6.4.2I nadequate Surface Preparation
Surface preparation is extremely important.A ll specifications for surface
preparation must be followed. If not doneproperly,poor bonding can result
and/or mechanical damaget ot he liner is possible.
6.4.3T hermalStresses
If not properly designed for,t hermal stresses produced by thermal cycling
can eventually result in bondf ailure.
6.4.4P ermeation
Certain lining materials ares ubject to permeationw hen in contactw ith
specificc orrodents. When the possibility of permeation exists, an alternate
liningm aterial should be selected. Permeationc an result in debonding
resulting from corrosion products or fluids accumulating at the interface
between the liner and substrate.I na ddition, corrosion of the substrate can
result leading to leakage problems and eventual failure of the substrate.
6.4.5A bsorption
As with permeation, adsorption of the corrodentb yt he liner material can
result in swelling of the liner,c racking,a nd eventual penetration to the
substrate. This can lead to high stressesand debonding.
6.4.6W eldingFlaws
It is essential that qualified personnel perform the welding and that only
qualified, experienced contractorsbeused to installlinings. Awelding flaw
is ac ommoncauseo fliningf ailure.
6.4.7D ebonding
Debonding can also occurasaresult of the use of the wrong bonding agent.
Care should be taken that the proper bonding agent is employed for the
specificliningb eing used.
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CAT8247—CHAPTER 6—6/10/2006—12:28—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL B–pp. 287–402
Selection is the first step. Essential to this step is ac arefula nalysiso ft he
materials to be handled, their concentrations, and operating conditions as
outlined in the beginning of this chapter.Considerationmust also be given to
the physical and mechanical properties of the liner to ensure that it meets the
specified operating conditions. If there is any doubt, corrosiontesting should
be undertaken to guarantee the resistance of the liner material.
6.4.2I nadequate Surface Preparation
Surface preparation is extremely important.A ll specifications for surface
preparation must be followed. If not doneproperly,poor bonding can result
and/or mechanical damaget ot he liner is possible.
6.4.3T hermalStresses
If not properly designed for,t hermal stresses produced by thermal cycling
can eventually result in bondf ailure.
6.4.4P ermeation
Certain lining materials ares ubject to permeationw hen in contactw ith
specificc orrodents. When the possibility of permeation exists, an alternate
liningm aterial should be selected. Permeationc an result in debonding
resulting from corrosion products or fluids accumulating at the interface
between the liner and substrate.I na ddition, corrosion of the substrate can
result leading to leakage problems and eventual failure of the substrate.
6.4.5A bsorption
As with permeation, adsorption of the corrodentb yt he liner material can
result in swelling of the liner,c racking,a nd eventual penetration to the
substrate. This can lead to high stressesand debonding.
6.4.6W eldingFlaws
It is essential that qualified personnel perform the welding and that only
qualified, experienced contractorsbeused to installlinings. Awelding flaw
is ac ommoncauseo fliningf ailure.
6.4.7D ebonding
Debonding can also occurasaresult of the use of the wrong bonding agent.
Care should be taken that the proper bonding agent is employed for the
specificliningb eing used.
Corrosion of Linings and Coatings
294
CAT8247—CHAPTER 6—6/10/2006—12:28—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL B–pp. 287–402